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PACIFIC SCIENCE, Vol. XIX, October 1965 
ime subarcuato l A- l A bifido, furcis inaequalibus 
divergentibus, stigmate 4-5 mm longo in basi 
lanceolato bifido brunneo papilloso ad apices 
non extento, endocarpio in parte 2 A supera 11 
mm longo cylindrico osseoso lateribus 1 mm 
crassis, semine 7 mm longo sublineari, meso- 
carpio apicali parvo fibroso et medulloso, meso- 
carpio basali fibroso et carnoso. 
DIAGNOSIS OF HOLOTYPE: Stem 3 m tall; 
leaves more than 3.95 m long, 4 cm wide, sub- 
coriaceous, apparently pale green, broad chan- 
neled above the midrib, 2 -pleated, ligulate, the 
apex lost but apparently acuminate, at midsec- 
tion with 46 parallel secondary veins in each 
half, towards the tip especially below the ter- 
tiary cross veins conspicuous and forming nar- 
rowly oblong meshes, the base amplexicaul, un- 
armed, copper-colored, but beginning at 13-18 
cm the margins with thorns 4-4.5 mm long, 
25-45 mm apart, stout arcuate subulate, ascend- 
ing, brown; the midrib below with thorns 
similar but stouter and reflexed; at midsection 
the margins with prickles 2-2.5 mm long, 15- 
21 mm apart, subulate, appressed ascending, 
brown-tipped; the midrib below with similar 
ascending prickles but 30-33 mm apart; near 
the apex the margins with subulate-tipped ser- 
rations 1-1.5 mm long, 3-5 mm apart; the mid- 
rib below with similar serrations 8-12 mm 
apart; infructescence pendulous, bearing a single 
syncarp; peduncle 70 cm long, 1.3 cm in diam- 
eter, trigonous, leafy bracted, the upper bracts 
20 cm long, 5 cm wide, foliaceous, the marginal 
teeth 0.5 mm long, 3-5 mm apart, subulate- 
serrulate; syncarp 11 cm long, 7.5 cm in diam- 
eter, broadly ellipsoid, green; drupes 27-32 mm 
long, 6-8 mm wide, 5-7 mm thick, oblong-ob- 
lanceoloid, the lateral and subbasal ones little or 
not at all compressed, 5-6-angled (the apical 
ones slightly the larger and a few of them with 
an unbranched, arcuate, subulate style); pileus 
10-13 mm long, its base 4-7 mm high, narrowly 
pyramidal-conic, 5-6-angled, minutely papillose; 
the style 6-7 mm long, bony, brown, shining, 
compressed above the middle, gently arcuate 
proximally, bifid l A~ l A way, the forks subequal, 
divergent, often unequally so; stigma 4-5 mm 
long, lanceolate at base, bifid, not reaching the 
tips, brown papillose; endocarp in upper 2 A, 11 
mm long, cylindric, bony, pale, the lateral walls 
1 mm thick; seed 7 mm long, almost linear; 
apical mesocarp sparse, fibrous and pithy; basal 
mesocarp fibrous and fleshy. 
HOLOTYPUS: Thailand, northeastern part, 
Loei, Phu Krading, common in evergreen forest 
by stream, 1,300 m alt, 24 Nov. 1958, Tem Smi- 
tinand 4,950 (bkf). 
DISCUSSION: P. ligulatus is a member of the 
section Rykia, as is its closest relative the Thai- 
land species P. penetrans St. John, which species 
has the syncarp 14 cm long, 12 cm in diameter; 
drupes 33-35 mm long, 9-11 mm wide, 7-10 
mm thick; base of the pileus 7-10 mm high; 
endocarp submedian; seed 13 mm long; leaves 
2. 7-2.9 m long, 5-5.6 cm wide, near the base 
the margins with prickles 3.5-4 mm long, 11- 
18 mm apart. P. ligulatus has the syncarp 11 cm 
long, 7.5 cm in diameter; drupes 27-32 mm 
long, 6-8 mm wide, 5-7 mm thick; base of the 
pileus 4-7 mm high; endocarp in the upper 2 A\ 
seed 7 mm long; leaves 3.9 or more m long, 4 
cm wide; and near the base the margins of the 
leaves with thorns 4-4.5 mm long, 25-45 mm 
apart. 
The new epithet is the Latin adjective, ligu- 
latus, strap-shaped, in reference to the ligulate 
leaf blades. 
Pandanus penetrans sp. nov. (sect. Rykia). 
Figs. 230,231 
nom. vern.: "toei.” 
DIAGNOSIS HOLOTYPI: Arbor 9 m alta 8 cm 
diametro, cortice brunneo cum radicillis 1 cm 
Fig. 230. Pandanus penetrans St. John, from holotype. a, drupe, lateral view, X 1; ^ drupe, longitudinal 
median section, X 1; c , d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, lateral drupe and style, apical view, X 1 \ l, m, n, apical drupe and 
style, apical view, X 1 \ o, p, pileus, and style, lateral view, X 1; ^ apex and style of apical drupe, apical view, 
X 4; r, pileus and style of lateral drupe, distal view, X 4; s , style and stigma of lateral drupe, proximal view, 
X 4; t, leaf base, lower side, XI \ u, leaf middle, lower side, X f ^ leaf apex, lower side, X 1; ^ second- 
ary and tertiary veins, lower side, rather near apex, X 4. 
