Alpheid Shrimp, IX — Banner and BANNER 
published on a re-examination of the type in a 
long over-looked paper, the specimen name 
would have been a nomen dubium , for Guerin’s 
figure and description were both inaccurate and 
non-specific (cf Banner, 1958:164). As a con- 
sequence Guerin’s name was not used, and the 
two other names for the species, A. ventrosus 
and A. laevis, were used almost 80 times in the 
literature, and by such authorities as de Man 
and Coutiere. However, A. lottini was used in 
1893 (Sharp), 1915 (Stebbing), 1919 (Steb- 
bing), 1950 (Barnard). So appeal cannot be 
made to the Internation Commission on Zoo- 
logical Nomenclature for, according to the Arti- 
cle 23, Section (b), the name must be unused 
for at least 50 years before an appeal can be 
made to place it as a nomen oblitum. 
Alpheus amir ant ei Coutiere 
Alpheus amir ant ei Coutiere, 1908. Soc. Phil- 
omath. Paris, Bull. IX, 11 (5): 15-16. 
LOCALITY: Johnston Island: 4 specimens col- 
lected by M. Doty, Sta. #10980. 
DISCUSSION: This species, which is inad- 
equately represented here, will be discussed in 
a subsequent paper. 
Alpheus gracilis Heller 
Alpheus gracilis Heller, 1861. K. Akad. Wiss., 
Wien, Sitzung. 44:271 taf. 3, figs. 19-20. 
LOCALITIES: Canton Island: 1 specimen each 
from BC 9, 10, 18; 2, BC 11. Christmas Island: 
2 specimens. 
Alpheus clippertoni (Schmitt) new combina- 
tion 4 
Crangon hawaiiensis clippertoni Schmitt, 
1939- Smithsonian Misc. Coll. 98(6): 12- 
14. 
Crangon nanus Banner, 1953. Pacific Sci. 7 
( 1 ) : 90, fig. 30 a-m. 
Alpheus nanus Banner, 1956. Pacific Sci. 10 
(3) : 345. 
Alpheus huikau Banner, 1959. Pacific Sci. 
13 (2): 139-140, fig. 5 a-e. 
Nec Crangon nanus Krpyer, Naturhist. 
Tidsskr. 4(3) :231. 
4 While this paper was in press Chace published 
on this new combination and indicated the same 
synonymy in U. S. Natl. Mus. Proc. 113(3466) : 609, 
1962. 
89 
LOCALITIES: Canton Island: 4 specimens from 
BC 11; 4, BC 12; 6, BC 16; 1, BC 24. Christmas 
Island: 1 specimen. 
DISCUSSION: Dr. Fenner A. Chace, Jr., of the 
U. S. National Museum examined the type speci- 
mens of A. hawaiiensis clippertoni (Schmitt) 
and other specimens of A. nanus (Banner) and 
found them to be identical; the grooves on the 
large chela that Dr. Schmitt had indicated as 
barely perceptible were found to be prominent 
(Chace, in a personal correspondence). There- 
fore the name huikau, as the name nanus before 
it, must be cancelled, and the subspecific name 
applied by Schmitt must be raised to specific 
rank. 
In 1937 Chace erected a new genus, Pomo- 
gnathus, for a new species of alpheid (P. coral- 
linus) from the waters of Baja California (1937: 
124, fig. 5). The new genus was separated from 
Alpheus by the lack of epipods on the thoracic 
legs, and from Synalpheus by "the larger chela 
of the first pair of legs and the opercular third 
maxillipeds.” 
Yet Alpheus paragracilis Coutiere and A. 
clippertoni (Schmitt) show very close relation- 
ship to this genus and species. In the three 
species, the form of the orbital hoods, the de- 
velopment of the rostrum, the general propor- 
tion of the antennular and antennal peduncles, 
the development of the thoracic legs and telson 
show what appears to be a modification at the 
specific level of the same fundamental plan. 
In the Indo-Pacific species the mouthparts 
protrude in a conspicuous fashion, from an over- 
development of the anterior labrum and a hem- 
ispherical expansion of the incisor process of 
the mandible. The outer mouthparts are quite 
normal for the genus except for the third maxil- 
lipeds, the base articles of which are broad, flat- 
tened, and curved to enclose the more anterior 
appendages. In A, paragracilis this article is not 
expanded, but in A. clippertoni the article is 
expanded slightly, but not as much as in P. 
corallinus (Fig. 3). 
Fundamental to this consideration is the bran- 
chial formula of the species involved. According 
to definition, all members of Alpheus have five 
pleurobranchs, one arthrobranch, and eight epip- 
odites, with the last mastigobranch on the fourth 
walking legs, and the last setobranch on the 
