Kodiak Island Biota— VINCENT 
123 
x'\ 
/ , \ 
Front' Interior \ 
From^SouflijLqst^ ) 
one Aleutian* .... 
Fig, 3. Schematic presentation of available direction and routes of migration to Kodiak Island. 
these same species as being fairly widespread 
throughout coastal Alaska. 
Further insight regarding affinity of the Ko- 
diak flora may be found by examining some of 
the characteristic species and the elements with 
which they are commonly associated. 
Three species are found that are typical of 
both Asiatic and American sectors of the North 
Pacific. They are Fritillaria camtchatcensis ( L. ) 
Ker,, Oplopanox horridus (Sm.) Mig., and Cas- 
siope lycopodioides (Pall.) D. Don. 
The arctic tundra is represented by such spe- 
cies as Luzula nivalis (Laest.) BeurL, Cardamine 
bellidifolia L,, Empetmm nigrum L., Arctosta- 
phylos alpina (L). Spreng., Hierochloe alpina 
(Sw.) Roem and Schult., Be tula nana L., Alnus 
crispa (Ait.) Pursh., Carex aquatilis Wahl., Lyo- 
p odium selago L., and Saxifraga hw cuius L. 
Petran tundra has such characteristic species 
present as Carex pyrenaica Wahl, C. nigricans 
C, A. Mey., Androsace chamaejasme Host., and 
Thalictmm. alpinum L. There are eight species 
of Boa, four species each of both Agrostis and 
Luzula, as well as representatives of Festuca, 
Fhleum, and Trisetum. 
The widespread arctic-montane species: Poly- 
gonum viviparum L., Oxyria digyna (L.) Hill., 
and Saxifraga oppositifolia L. are also present. 
The boreal forest element consists of such 
species as Vaccinium uliginosum L., V. vitis- 
