Revision of Parapercis — -CANTWELL 
265 
Smith and Pope, 1906, p. 492 (Kago- 
shima). Franz, 1910, pp. 81-82 (Yoko- 
hama, Fukuura, Aburatsubo, Kagoshima ) . 
Jordan and Thompson, 1914, p. 292 (Mi- 
saki). Jordan, Tanaka, and Snyder, 1913, 
pp. 364-366 (Tokyo to Nagasaki, Canton). 
Jordan and Hubbs, 1925, p. 311. Tanaka, 
1927, pp. 725-759, fig. 461; 1931, p. 40. 
Kamohara, 1938, pp. 1293-1294. Smith, 
1937, pp. 174-177, fig. 2 (Durban). Okada, 
1938, pp. 252-253 (Honszu to China Sea). 
Okada and Matsubara, 1938, p. 389. Smith, 
1949, p. 177, pi. 13, fig. 382 (Durban). 
Kamohara, 1950, p. 257 (Tosa and Kishu); 
1952, p. 86; 1955, p. 58, fig. 3. Fourmanoir, 
1954, p. 214 (Comores down to 80 meters). 
Kamohara, 1958, p. 67. Tomiyama and 
Abe, 1958, p. 121, fig. 355. 
Cilias pulchella Matsubara, 1955, p. 692. 
SPECIMENS STUDIED: 73 (59 to 148 mm) 
paratypes of Perris pulchella RVNH 416 (6), 
Zanzibar MCZ 4494 (2); Hong Kong usnm 
7649 (1); Japan usnm 57731 (5), 57517 ( 1), 
131097 (1); cnhm 55544 (1); rvnh 5947 
(6); Nagasaki ummz 176703 (1); usnm 50256 
(5); ansp 26192-94 (3); snhm 7062 (2); 
Kagoshima USNM 59640 (1), 59641 (2); Shi- 
mizu Suruga USNM 71466 (2); Misaki UMMZ 
176686 (1), 176697 (4), 176682 (1); cnhm 
57490 (1); Tateyama Bay UMMZ 176716 (2), 
176717 (1); Sagami Sea cnhm 55572 (4); 
Yokohama ansp 613 (1); Idzu Sea cnhm 55604 
(5); Suruga Bay ummz 176687 (6), 176710 
( 3 ) ; Tokyo Bay TU (2); Bali am IB131 (1); 
locality unknown TU 17699 (1), 57314 (1). 
DIAGNOSIS: Eight canine teeth in outer row 
of lower jaw; palatine teeth absent; middle 
dorsal spines longest; membrane from spinous 
dorsal connected near base of first soft ray; 
dorsal spines y five; dorsal rays y 21.1; total anal 
rays y 18.06; caudal vertebrae y 19; dorsal three 
or four branched rays of caudal fin extending 
beyond rest of fin; characteristic black 3 -shaped 
mark over nape. 
COLOR IN ALCOHOL: Background reddish 
brown; scales on back and side margined with 
black; a light band extends from the dorsal base 
of the pectoral fin to the midbase of the caudal 
fin; a characteristic 3 -shaped black mark over 
temporal bone; behind this are two V-shaped 
black markings; two to four black bars extend 
over cheek; a black band extends over upper lip 
back to the eye; a black patch at base of pec- 
toral fin; light spots margined in black on mem- 
branes between rays of caudal fin; ventral half 
of caudal fin has dusky appearance; lower half 
on spinous dorsal membrane black especially 
between spines III to V; soft dorsal speckled 
with many very fine black specks; membranes 
between anal fin rays with one to four light 
patches margined with black; near distal tip of 
each anal ray black, extreme tip light; a dark 
streak between pelvic rays III and IV, and IV 
and V; upper lip with black spot over pre- 
maxilla; lower lip with black spot over symphy- 
sis and one on either side; large black spots 
over throat region. 
RANGE: Durban; Zanzibar; east coast of 
Africa; Comores; China Sea; Hong Kong; Japan. 
Parapercis ommatura Jordan and Snyder 
Figs. IN, 3 N, 8D 
Parapercis ommatura Jordan and Snyder, 
1902, pp. 463-466 and 496 (type locality, 
Nagasaki). Smith and Pope, 1906, p. 492 
(Hamashima, Mie Pref.). Tanaka, 1907, 
p. 337 (Wakayama Pref.). Jordan, Tanaka, 
and Snyder, 1913, pp. 364-366, fig. 322 
(Inland Sea of Japan; Tsuruga; Kobe). 
Jordan and Thompson, 1914, p. 292, fig. 68 
(Kobe). Jordan and Hubbs, 1925, p. 311 
(Toba; Kobe). Tanaka, 1931, p. 40 (South- 
ern Japan). Kamohara, 1933, p. 244 
(Urado); 1938, p. 1294 (Tsuruga; Toba 
to Nagasaki). Okada, 1938, pp. 252-253 
(Honszu to Formosa). Okada and Matsu- 
bara, 1938, p. 389. Kamohara, 1950, p. 258 
(Tosa and Kishu). Bohlke, 1953, pp. 89- 
90 (Nagasaki, Tsuruga, Echigen). Kamo- 
hara 1958, p. 67. Tomiyama, 1958, pp. 
1221-1225, pi. 236, fig. 594. Tomiyama 
and Abe, 1958, p. 121, fig. 356. 
alias ommatura Matsubara, 1955, p. 692 
(Southern Japan). 
SPECIMENS STUDIED: 49 (67.5 to 107) Japan: 
rvnh 4836 (1); Nagasaki usnm 179803 (5); 
co-types of Parapercis ommatura Jordan and 
Snyder, ummz 176705 (1), usnm 50260 (3); 
Tokyo USNM 50261 (2), Kobe cnhm 57174 
(2), ANSP 26000-7 (8), Tsuruga MCZ 29001 
