270 
PACIFIC SCIENCE, Vol. XVIII, July 1964 
272 (Gebe); 1875, p. 78 ( Madagascar and 
Reunion); 1878, p. 53 (New Guinea). 
Jordan and Seale, 1907, p. 46 (Luzon and 
Panay). McCulloch, 1929, pp. 331-332 
(Massowah, Queensland, India, East Indies, 
Solomons, Shortland Islands). 
Percis caudimaculatum Haly, 1875, p. 269 
(North China). 
Parapercis hexophthalma Jordan and Snyder, 
1902, p. 463 (Riu Kiu Islands). Jordan 
and Seale, 1906, p. 414 (Louisiades) . Ever- 
mann and Seale, 1907, p. 103 (Bacon). 
Snyder, 1912, p. 516 (Okinawa). Weber, 
1913, p. 518 (Lamakera, Solor). Barnard, 
1927, p. 442 (Mozambique). Fowler, 1928, 
p. 424 ( Society Islands ) . Martin and Mon- 
talban, 1935, pp. 219-220, pi. 3, fig. 1 
(Luzon, Tablas, Balabac). Fowler, 1938, p. 
300 (Society Islands). Okada, 1938, pp. 
252-253 (Ryukyu) . Okada and Matsubara, 
1938, p. 389. Smith, 1949, p. 177, pi. 13, 
fig. 380 (Durban). Marshall, 1950, pp. 
192-193, pi. 19, fig. 1 ( Cocos-Keeling Is- 
lands). Beaufort and Chapman, 1951, pp. 
24-25 (Pulu Weh, Jacarta, Makassar and 
Menado, Celebes; Mozambique, Seychelles; 
Tonkin; Woodlark Island; New Hebrides). 
Smith, 1955, p. 308 (Aldabra). Rofen, 
1958, pp. 211 and 213 (Rennell Island). 
Fowler, 1959, p. 495 (Fiji). 
Parapercis hexophthalma Fourmanoir, pp. 189 
and 214 (Comores, 8-15 meters). 
Cilias hexophthalma Matsubara, 1955, p. 692. 
SPECIMENS STUDIED: Thirteen (174.5 to 226) 
Red Sea usnm 49310 ( 1 ) ; Zanzibar mcz 4493 
(1), 1070 (2), 1018 (1), 12891 (1); Society 
Islands MCZ 12888 (1); Fiji Islands CNHM 
37095-7 (3); usnm 82926 (1), 82927 (1); 
Riu Kiu Islands USNM 75862 (1). 
DIAGNOSIS: Eight canine teeth in outer row 
of lower jaw; palatine teeth absent; middle 
dorsal spines longest; membrane from spinous 
dorsal connected to first soft ray opposite tip of 
last spine; dorsal spines y five; dorsal rays y 
21.09; total anal rays y 18.09; caudal vertebrae y 
19.09; no serrations on opercles; three to seven 
ocelli along side of body; large oblong black 
spot on caudal fin; head with transverse lines 
across cheek. 
COLOR IN ALCOHOL: Background yellowish 
brown with back darker brown and belly lighter 
yellow, back with many small dark blotches; 
head spotted; three to four small dark ocelli 
below midside from below pectoral fin base to 
opposite rear of anal fin base; three irregular 
rows of spots or oblong dashes (middle row 
with smaller spots or dashes) at midside from 
rear of pectoral fin base to base of caudal fin; 
a large dark spot on membrane between dorsal 
spines II to IV; soft dorsal fin with three or four 
lengthwise rows of dark spots on membranes; 
on middle of anal fin one row of small dark 
spots; a large dark oblong blotch on middle of 
caudal fin, remainder of fin light in color and 
dark spotted; usually four spots on base of 
pectoral fin, one or two dark spots on scaled 
portion of pectoral fin rays; no color markings 
on pelvics; four to seven transverse light or 
dark bars extend across cheek, preopercle, sub- 
opercle and opercle. 
RANGE: Durban, Zanzibar; east coast of 
Africa; Madagascar; Reunion; Seychelles; An- 
damans; Red Sea; Cocos Islands; India; Indo- 
Australian Archipelago; North China; Riu Kiu; 
Louisiades; Philippines; Queensland; Santa Cruz 
Islands; Solomons; Society Islands; New Heb- 
rides. 
Parapercis polyophthalma (Cuvier and Valen- 
ciennes ) 
Figs. 1/, 3 /, 9C 
Percis polyopthalma Cuvier and Valenciennes, 
1829, pp. 272-273 ( Massuah ) . Playfair 
and Gunther, 1866, pp. 68-69 (Zanzibar). 
Klunzinger, 1870, pp. 816-817 (east Af- 
rica); 1884, pp. 122-123. 
SPECIMENS STUDIED: Nineteen (117 to 198) 
Red Sea CNHM 4030 ( 1 ) ; Zanzibar MCZ 4493 
( 3 ) , 12891 ( 1 ) ; Rennell Islands CAS 6018 ( 1 ) ; 
Riu Kiu Islands CNHM 55531 (1); usnm 75862 
(2), 75501 (4); Philippine Islands: Luzon 
USNM 55926 (1); Biri Channel usnm 12233-34 
(2), 122484 (1), 122546 (1). Also usnm 
111236, New Caledonia, dried specimen. 
DIAGNOSIS: Eight canine teeth in outer row 
of lower jaw; palatine teeth absent; middle 
dorsal spines longest; membrane from spinous 
dorsal connected to first soft ray opposite tip 
of last spine; dorsal spines y five; dorsal rays 
y 21.05; total anal rays y 18.05; caudal vertebrae 
I 
