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PACIFIC SCIENCE, Vol. XVIII, July 1964 
FIG. 10. Neotype of Epinephelus fuscoguttatus (Forskal), 216 mm standard length, Jidda, Red Sea (USNM 
147594). 
a percentage of the standard length: greatest 
depth of body 38.2; width of body just behind 
gill opening 18.5; head length 41.4; snout length 
6.1; eye diameter 6.8; postorbital length of head 
27.8; horizontal distance of maxillary posterior 
to eye 5.4; bony interorbital space 4.9; least 
depth of caudal peduncle 13.0; length of caudal 
peduncle (to rear base of dorsal fin) 9.0; snout 
to origin of dorsal fin 42.4; snout to origin of 
anal fin 71.1; snout to origin of pelvic fin 39.8; 
length of dorsal fin base 57.2; length of anal 
fin base 17.3; length of pectoral fin 22.1; length 
of pelvic spine 11.1; length of pelvic fin 20.3; 
length of first dorsal spine 5.7; length of second 
dorsal spine 8.6; length of third dorsal spine 
11.3; length of fourth (longest) dorsal spine 
12.2; length of eleventh dorsal spine 11.4; length 
of first dorsal soft ray 15.0; length of longest 
dorsal soft ray 18.0; length of last dorsal soft 
ray 10.2; length of first anal spine 4.3; length 
of second anal spine 9-6; length of third anal 
spine 9-3; length of first anal soft ray 14.7; 
length of longest anal soft ray 18.5; length of 
last anal soft ray 12.2; length of caudal fin 23.6. 
Profile of head consisting of two convexities 
which meet above center of eye; interorbital flat 
over most of its width (in center), rising slightly 
at orbits; lower jaw projecting 2.5 mm anterior 
to upper; middle opercular spine nearer lower 
than upper spine ( 7 mm separate tips of lower 
and middle spines and 12.2 mm separate tips of 
upper and middle spines ) ; upper margin of 
opercular membrane nearly horizontal anteriorly, 
becoming rounded as it meets vertical hind 
margin (which has a protrusion slightly below 
level of middle opercular spine ) ; preopercular 
margin very finely serrate, with no marked in- 
dentation; scales cycloid, those on head very 
small; maxillary finely scaled; posterior nostril 
subtriangular in shape, 3.8 mm in greatest 
measurement (height), with no rim; anterior 
nostril less than 1 mm in diameter, with a mem- 
branous rim which is higher posteriorly; teeth 
typical of genus, those on vomer small; teeth on 
palatine about twice as large as vomerine teeth 
but still not large; enlarged canines of upper 
jaw (a close-set pair on one side, a single tooth 
on the other) separated by a gap of 10 mm; 
single row of small, evenly spaced, fixed canine 
teeth along side of upper jaw; smaller depress- 
ible teeth in upper jaw in a broad patch an- 
teriorly on each side (up to a maximum of 
about six irregular rows ) ; depressible teeth of 
lower jaw in a band of more uniform width 
