Hypomaxillary Bone in Harengula — Berry 
375 
elongated, with the ventral constriction anterior 
to the dorsal constriction. Species of this genus 
that I have examined are: 
C. dispilonotus (Bleeker 1852), Philippines, 
SU33545 
C. punctata (Riippell 1835), Philippines, 
SU20885; Pelew Islands, SU37332; Ceylon, 
SU22892; South Andaman Islands, SU 
37100; Philippines, SU28556 
C. schrammi (Bleeker 1849), Philippines, 
SU33538 
C. tawilis Herre 1927, Philippines, SU28559 
Bleeker erected the genus Clupalosa for his 
monotypic new species C. bulan from the Java 
Sea in 1849. Clupalosa has subsequently been 
placed in synonymy of both Harengula and Sar- 
dinella. I have not seen this species, and the type 
specimens, if extant, should be examined to con- 
firm its relationships. I presume that it is distinct 
from the hypomaxillary-bearing Harengula, be- 
cause no species of Harengula (as restricted) 
have been observed from the Indo-Pacific. I 
presume that it is distinct from the genus Sardi- 
nella, because it was not included in a recent 
and comprehensive review of the Indo-Pacific 
species of Sardinella by Chan (ms). However, 
Regan ( 1917), who said he examined Bleeker’s 
types of bulan, placed that species in synonymy 
of Sardinella perforata (Cantor 1850). Subse- 
quent authors have listed bulan as a distinct 
species, notably Fowler (1941). If Clupalosa 
proves to be unavailable for this genus, the 
following generic names might apply: Paralosa 
Bleeker 1868 (type species Harengula valen- 
ciennesi Bleeker 1868), Wilkesina Fowler and 
Bean 1923 (type species Harengula fjiense 
Fowler and Bean 1923), Herklotsichthys Whit- 
ley 1951 for Herklotsella Fowler 1933 (type 
species Harengula dispilonotus Bleeker 1852), 
or Escualosa Whitley 1940 (type species Clupea 
macrolepis Steindachner 1879). The status and 
identity of Macrura van Hasselt 1823 is un- 
certain; it has been proposed for species of this 
group, but also has been suggested as a synonym 
of Hilsa Regan 1916. 
Of the four genera discussed above, I have 
not examined the following nominal species 
and am not certain of their generic or specific 
status: 
Harengula callolepis Goode 1880 
Sardinella alb ella (Valenciennes 1847) 
Sardinella allecia (Rafinesque 1810) 
Sardinella aurovittata (Swainson 1839) 
Sardinella caeruleovittata (Richardson 1846) 
Sardinella dactylolepis (Whitley 1940) 
Sardinella desmaresti (Risso 1826) 
Sardinella maderensis (Lowe 1836) 
Sardinella nymph ea (Richardson 1848) 
Sardinella posterus (Whitley 1931) 
Lile piquitinga (Schreiner and Miranda 
Ribeiro 1903) 
Lile platana Regan 1917 
Harengula abbreviatata Valenciennes 1847 
Harengula blackburni (Whitley 1948) 
Clupalosa bulan Bleeker 1849 
Harengula dollfusi Chabanaud 1933 
Harengula hualiensis Chu and Tsai 1958 
Fig. 2. Posterior supramaxillaries of Harengula (A), 
Lile ( B ), and Sardinella (C), showing their character- 
istic shapes and the relative positions of the dorsal 
and ventral constrictions. 
