48 
THE LADIES’ FLOWER-GARDEN 
OTHER SPECIES OF THE A. 
It is said that there are several other species of this genus known in the East, but none of them have as yet 
been introduced into Great Britain. 
CHAPTER XIV. 
GENUS I. 
CITRUS Lin. THE CITRUS. 
Lyn. Syst. POLYADELPHIA POLYANDRIA, OR POLYANDRIA MONOGYNIA. 
Generic Character. — Calyx urceolate, three to five-cleft. Petals 
five to eight. Stamens twenty to sixty, with compressed filaments, 
which are more or less connected together at the base into many 
bundles, or free. Anthers oblong. Style cylindrical, crowned by an 
Anthers terminal, inserted by the base, ereet. Ovary ovate, many- 
celled. Style one, terete, crowned by a thick subdivided stigma. 
Seeds situated in the carpels, fixed to their inner angles, numerous or 
solitary, exalbuminous, usually pendulous, often inclosing many 
embryos ; seed-cover usually marked with a raphis and a cup-shaped 
chalaza. Embryo straight, Avith a retracted superior radicle turned 
towards the hilum, and large thick cotyledons, which are auricled at 
the base, and a conspicuous plumule. ((?. Don.) 
AURANTIACE^ Corr. 
Essential Character. — Calyx urceolate, campanulate, somewhat 
adnate to the disk, short, three to five-toothed, marcescent. Petals 
three to five, broadest at the base, sometimes free, sometimes a little 
connected at the base. Inserted on the outside of the disk, imbricate in 
sestivation by the margins. Stamens equal in number with the petals, 
or double, or multiple that number ; filaments flat at the base, some- 
times free, sometimes variously connected in many bundles, sometimes 
truly monadelphous, but always free at the apex, and subulate. 
Desceiption, &c. — The plants belonging to this order are smooth trees and shrubs, generally of great beauty. 
The leaves are alternate, generally with a winged or dilated petiole, which is articulated both to the stem and to 
the leaves. This peculiarity of the jointed petiole is one of the distinguishing marks of the order, and it is very 
conspicuous in Orange and Lemon trees. Another peculiarity is, that the leaves, the rind of the fruit, and the 
flowers all abound in transparent reservoirs of fragrant oil, which possesses the most tonic and stimulating 
properties. The flowers are fragrant, and the fruit is generally eatable. All the plants require artificial heat in 
this couutiy, and most of them will not live without a stove. The most interestmg genus is Citrus, which contains 
the Orange, Lemon, Lime, and Shaddock. 
hemispherical stigma. Fruit baccate, seven to twelve-celled ; cells 
many-seeded, full of pulp, spermaderm, membi'anous. Auricles of 
cotyledons very short. ((?. Don.) 
Desceiption, &c. — The species belonging to this genus are all evergreen trees or shrubs, with axfllary 
spines, and simple leaves, the foot-stalks of which are generally winged. The flowers are white, and exquisitely 
fragrant, but the odom' is generally oppressive. The fruit is a kind of berry, the seeds lynig in the midst of pulp, 
which is contained in innumerable little bags, which may be separated from each other with the greatest ease. 
Another peculiarity of the fruit of this genus is, that the carpels, which are disposed in a whorl round an imaginary 
axis, may be separated from each other without laceration, each consisting of a thin skin or membrane fiUed ■ 
with pulp. The outer skin or rind seems to be an enlarged receptacle something like that of the fig, but never 1 
'I 
becoming pulpy; and it is full of transparent reservoirs of essential oil. There are numerous species of the ^ 
genus Citrus, nearly all of which are in cultivation in Italy, though only a few of them are known in British* | 
greenhouses. 
