74 
THE LADIES’ FLOWER-GARDEN 
the calyx. It is a long, straggling plant, -with the flowers and leaves rather wide apart, and thus it forms a striking 
contrast to T. polyphyllmn, the leaves and flowers of which are crowded together as closely as possible. 
It appears, from the works of Ruiz and Pavon, that there are several other ornamental kinds of Tropaeolum in 
South America which have not yet been introduced ; and amongst others, one called T. bicolorum, which is said 
to have the upper petals of a bright yellow, and the lower ones of a brilliant scarlet. 
The other genus included in the order Tropseolaceae, is called Mayallana, hut it contains only one species, a 
climbing annual plant with ternate leaves and yellow flowers, which has not yet been introduced. 
CHAPTER XXIII. 
RUTACEyE Juss. 
Essential Character. — Calyx ■witli four or five divisions, toothed, 
cleft or parted. Petals equal in number to the divisions of the calyx, 
and alternating with them, usually distinct, and longer than the calyx, 
rarely connected into a monopetalous corolla. Stamens sometimes 
equal in number Avith the petals, and alternating with them ; some- 
times double that number, Avith the alternate ones shortest. Fila- 
ments inserted in the gynophore, rarely beneath the hypogynous disk, 
and more rarely perigynous, or adhering to the bottom of the calyx, 
in consequence of the disk being joined Avith it ; either naked or fur- 
nished Avith a scale at the base, free, very rarely connected at the base, 
or glued to the corolla, as in those Avith monopetalous flowers. Anthers 
tAvo-celled, bursting lengtliAvise. Ovary free, Avith the cells equal in 
number to the petals, and opposite them, rarely fewer, verticillate ; 
sometimes fixed around the common axis ; sometimes distinct to the 
base, sometimes joined together. Ovul* fi.xcd to the central placenta, 
usually two in each cell or carpel, rarely one, or from four to twenty. 
Styles equal in number to the cells or carpels, usually connected toge- j 
ther in one, or only connected at the base or top, rarely wholly distinct. I 
are joined. Fruit sometimes simple, having as many valves as there 
are styles, with a dissepiment in the middle of each valve, dehiscent, \ 
hut more usually Avith an equal number of two-valved separable |j 
carpels, rarely indehiscent, composed of many drupes or carpels. Sar- I 
cocarp thin, or more or less fleshy. Endoc.arp thin or woody, closely E 
adhering to the sarcocarp, or separable from it into a two-valved elastic 
cocculiim. Seeds fcAver than the ovulas from abortion, Awth a mem- 
branous, or usually Avith a testaceous, covering. Albumen fleshy or j' 
cartilaginously horny, rarely Avanting. Embryo Avhite or greenish, Avith ^ 
a straight radicle pointing towards the top of the cells, rarely turned ! 
obliquely toAvards the hylum. Cotyledons of various forms. ((7. Don.) ' 
Description, &c. — This is a very extensive order, hut the greater part of the plants contained in it have a very i: 
strong and disagreeable odour, which prevents them from being so generally cultivated as they otherwise would be | 
from their ornamental flowers. The common Rue, and other siiecies in the same genus, are almost the only plants ) 
in the order which are perfectly hardy ; but there are numerous greenhouse plants belonging to it, which are natives 
of the Cape of Good Hope and New Holland. Nearly all the plants contained in the order are shnibs. S 
GENUS 1. 
DIOSMA Berg. THE DIOSMA. 
Lin. Syst. PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA. 
Generic Character. — Flowers regular ; petals five ; disk adhering crested at the apex. Albumen very thin or wanting. Embryo Avith 
to the calyx ; fertile stamens five, perigynous. OA'aries one to five, a short radicle and ovate cotyledons, not rarely multiple, 
joined in one. Seeds covered with a thin shining testa, usually 
Description, &c. — ^All the plants contained in this genus are natives of the Cape of Good Hope, and they are 
all distinguished by a very strong fragrance, which appears to have been so agreeable to some of the older botanists 
that they named the genus from two Greek words signifying a divine smell. The Hottentot women at the Cape 
are also so partial to it that they make a kind of ointment from the bruised leaves, with which they anoint the body, 
