39 
a Sltidy in Taxonomic Distribution. 
both coast species which may have arrived later than the rest, by water 
transport ; Carex appressa , which is given by Kukenthal ( 3 ) as occurring 
throughout New Zealand, and which consequently will not be an exception, 
either here or in the previous paper in which it was given as such ( 7 , p. 329) ; 
and finally Pterostylis australis , which is regarded by Hooker as a variety 
of P. Banksii , whose range is the entire length of New Zealand. 
Of the ferns found in the Chathams, and reaching to Lake Taupo one 
way and Foveaux Strait the other, 36 reach Stewart and 7 reach only to 
the strait, whilst Lomaria dtira , which reaches only about half-way along the 
South Island, though it occurs in Stewart, the Snares, the Aucklands, Camp- 
bell, and the Antipodes, as well as the Chathams, is given by Cheeseman as 
‘a purely littoral plant, never found far from the influence of sea-spray’. 
(12) It is clear that of the many species which Stewart has in common 
with the other islands, those in common with the Kermadecs, which are the 
farthest away, will on the whole be the oldest, those in common with the 
Chathams probably next, and those in common with the Aucklands youngest. 
In other words, the first named should be the most widespread in New 
Zealand 
• 
Table XIII. 
Class. 
Range. 
Stewart and 
Stewart and 
Stewart and 
Kermadecs. 
Chathams. 
A ticklands. 
i 
1,001-1,080 m. 
22, or 100 % 
74, or 87 % 
40, or 56 % 
2 
881-1,000 
- — 
3 
5 
3 
761-880 
— 
3 
8 
4 
641-760 
— 
— 
8 , 
5 
521-640 
— 
2 
4 
6 
40T-520 
— 
1 
3 
7 
281-400 
— 
— 
— 
8 
161-280 
— 
1 
3 
9 
41-160 
— 
— 
• — 
10 
1-40 
— 
— 
— 
22 
84 
71 
Rarity (Classes 1-10) 
1*0 
I °3 
2 ‘ 3 - 
Thus the Kermadec species have the maximum commonness (distribu- 
tion area) possible, ranging New Zealand from end to end. The Chatham 
species are almost as common, and the Auckland species a good deal 
less so. 
(13) As the Kermadec species are the oldest, they should include the 
greatest proportion of wides, while the species endemic to New Zealand and 
the islands, which are younger, should show more in the other islands : 
Common to 
Table XIV. 
Wides. 
Endemic to New 
Zealand and Islands . 
3, or 14 % 
34 4 i 
45 6.3 
Stewart and Kermadecs 
,, Chathams 
„ Aucklands 
1 9, or 86 % 
60 59 
26 37 
