Fetch . — Mocharas and the Genus Haematomyces. 413 
bands of parenchyma up to 0-5 mm. wide. The cells of the normal cortical 
parenchyma contain large numbers of starch grains, and many contain large 
sphaero-crystals. 
The examination of this abnormal cortex and the exudation has been 
rather of a preliminary character, as it was undertaken chiefly to determine 
whether Mocharas was a fungus or not. Many interesting, and apparently 
novel, features await further investigation. 
When the cortex is exuding Mocharas, this tissue is permeated by 
numerous galleries parallel to the cambium and anastomosing freely. 
In an advanced stage, the cortex is in some places separated from the 
wood, or divided tangentially by cavities which leave only a few layers 
of cortical parenchyma overlying the cambium, while in other places it is 
united to the wood by narrow columns of parenchyma. Hence when it is 
stripped away from the wood it presents the irregular appearance already 
described. 
Fig. 2. Longitudinal section of the cortex of Bombax malabaricum, when producing Mocharas. 
Diagrammatic, a, wood ; b, abnormal cortex ; C, normal cortex with lignified fibres; D, galleries 
of Mocharas ; e, browned tissue, showing extension of Mocharas formation ; f, lignified vessels. 
The formation of Mocharas begins with' the disorganization of a small 
group of parenchymatous cells, and extends until a gallery is formed. The 
gallery, in section, may be circular, but is more usually narrow-oval, or 
oblong with rounded ends, the long axis of the gallery being parallel to the 
cambium. In the cases observed, this has generally begun about the middle 
of the abnormal cortical zone. 
The radial rows of unaltered cortical cells meet the long flatter sides 
(i. e. the outer and inner) of the gallery perpendicularly, but at the curved 
boundary they may be displaced so as to be normal to the curve. The 
narrow radial boundary of the gallery usually abuts on a normally radial 
row of cells, and in many cases a wedge-shaped mass of browned cells 
stretches from this boundary through the parenchyma, parallel to the 
cambium, indicating an early extension of the gallery in that direction. 
All the cortical cells round the gallery are in a state of rapid division by 
cross walls parallel to its surface, except, in some cases, those which border 
on the shorter sides where the gallery is in process of extension laterally. 
The first appearance noted in the cells which are undergoing trans- 
formation into Mocharas is a browning and swelling <E)f the cell-walls. 
