48 2 Willis . — On the Floras of Certain Islets outlying from 
Long Island. 
POLYPODIACEAE 
Polystichum vestitum 
Asplenium obtusatum 
scleroprium 
lucidum 
flaccidum 
bulbiferum 
Blechnum durum 
capense 
Histiopteris incisa 
Pteridiitm esculenttim 
Polypodium diversifolium 
GLEICHENTACEAE 
Gleichenia circinata 
SCHTZAEACEAE 
Scliizaea fistulosa 
LYCOPODIACEAE 
Lycopodium varium 
ramulosum Lycopodium ramulosum — 
It is clear, from the fact that these islands are separated from Stewart 
by some breadth of water, that they must have a very old flora, older on the 
whole than that of Stewart itself, especially the Solanders, which are over 
thirty miles away, but are a little nearer to the South Island of New Zealand 
(so that they might contain species not known in Stewart). We shall there- 
fore expect all their floras to be small, especially that of the Solanders. In 
actual fact, 73 species are recorded from Long Island, 69 from the Break- 
seas, and 19 from the Solanders. 
One will expect, just as in the more extended case of the Kermadecs, 
Chathams, and Aucklands, with which this may be compared, that much of 
the floras will be the same in all the islands. If we take the 19 species of 
the Solanders, we find in fact that 16 of them also occur both in the Break- 
seas (on the other side of Stewart) and in Long Island, one occurs in Long 
Island only, and one in the Breakseas only. These two last quite probably 
occur in both these islands, but have not yet been recorded, and there remains 
only Senecio Stewartiae , which is also recorded for Herekopere Island in 
Foveaux Strait (as near the Solanders as Stewart itself) and the Snares. 
Long and Breaksea islands have much larger floras, and we find on 
comparison that besides the ] 6 already mentioned which they have also in 
common with the Solanders, they have 29 in common between themselves 
only, making 45 in all. Long Island has 27 species not recorded from the 
Breakseas, and the Breakseas 23 not recorded from Long Island. These are 
printed in italics above. Glancing at the lists, it is fairly safe to say that about 
a dozen at least of those given for the Breakseas only, e. g. the orchids, 
ought certainly to be found also in Long Island, if it were examined at a 
different period of the year. On the whole, the resemblances between the 
floras of these three island groups are very striking. Poppelwell notes these 
resemblances, but puts them down to similarity of conditions, a cause which 
Table I ( continued ). 
Breakseas. . 
Solanders. 
Polystichum vestitum 
Asplenium obtusatum 
scleioprium 
lucidum 
flaccidum 
Blechnum durum 
capense 
Histiopteris incisa 
Asplenium obtusatum 
lucidum 
Blechnum durum 
Histiopteris incisa 
Polypodium diversifolium 
