44 
PACIFIC SCIENCE, Vol. XIII, January 1959 
Figs. 15, 16. Series 3, Stations 193-228, February 5-13, 1951. The distribution of the four planktonic groups 
in relation to Figure 15, Temperature, °C.; and Figure 16, Salinity, °/oo. S.S.A. (Southern Subantarctic group); 
N.S.A. (Northern Subantarctic group); S.T. (Subtropical group); C. (Coastal group). Temperature, salinity 
additional to those taken at plankton stations • ; plankton station numbers are underlined. 
tions, but they are aggregated because of 
similarities of hydrological and biological 
properties, which are the result of invasions 
into coastal water, at several localities, of 
water of subantarctic origin. Second, coastal 
and subantarctic waters in the T-S and T-S-P 
diagrams are linked through a continuous 
series of stations. Such a linkage demon- 
strates beyond reasonable doubt that the Sub- 
antarctic plankton collected in the coastal 
area originates, and is transported, in water of 
subantarctic origin which is penetrating shore- 
wards (and at the same time is being warmed) . 
These two facts thus contribute evidence in 
support of an earlier statement that plank- 
tonic content of mixing waters may be utilised 
to indicate the sources of the waters being 
mixed. 
The T-S-P diagram (Fig. 10) emphasises 
the similarities in planktonic content and 
hydrologic conditions between Series 3 and 
4, even though they are separated geograph- 
ically by at least 60 miles, and by almost a 
month in time. Of interest also, is that while 
subantarctic groups penetrated into warmer 
waters at Stations 279, 292, 304, and 310, 
coastal species did not penetrate to Stations 
285 and 297, lying predominantly in subant- 
arctic water. Coastal and Subtropical species 
rarely were taken in subantarctic water, even 
when, as at these stations, the collections 
were made at the extremities of what may be 
regarded as offshore directed movements of 
coastal water. 
