46 
PACIFIC SCIENCE, Vol. XIII, January 1959 
Figs. 17, 18. Series 4, Stations 229-314, March 8-9, 1951. The distribution of the four planktonic groups in 
relation to Figure 17, Temperature, °C.; Figure 18, Salinity, °/oo- S.S.A. (Southern Subantarctic group); N.S.A. 
(Northern Subantarctic group); S.T. (Subtropical group); C. (Coastal group). Temperature or salinities additional 
to those taken at plankton stations • ; plankton station numbers are underlined. 
and 2 lie within the narrow salinity range 
which appears to typify water of subantarctic 
origin. That only Subantarctic species occur 
at Stations 5 and 2 confirms this (Fig. 10). 
Stations 6, 3, and 4 occur over much the same 
temperature range, but at higher salinities. 
The occurrences of Subantarctic species testify 
to the influence of subantarctic water at 
these stations. 
Although there are Coastal species at Sta- 
tions 3 and 4, neither T-S nor T-S-P dia- 
grams demonstrate a source for the water 
which transports the species. Nor do these 
diagrams show whence comes the more saline, 
cool water responsible for separating Stations 
3, 4, and 6 from Stations 1,2, and 5. The geo- 
graphical distributions of salinities, tempera- 
tures, and plankton (Figs. 19^, 2Qa) demon- 
strate the probability that this water is coastal 
in origin. Seasonal temperature changes take 
effect more slowly in water than in air, and 
air temperatures, at the time of sampling, had 
not reached summer maximum. Therefore it 
is reasonable to expect comparatively cool 
coastal waters. The separation of the two lots 
of stations arises when this high-salinity, but 
cool, inshore water mixes with, but does not 
warm, the more offshore subantarctic water. 
In Series 6, on the other hand, the coastal 
water has a much higher temperature (Figs. 
Aa, I9b) and therefore raises the temperature 
of the subantarctic water with which it mixes; 
