72 
PACIFIC SCIENCE, VoL XIII, January 1959 
upturned tip and with one additional dorsally 
directed spine ahead of tip; without an an- 
trorse spine on its outer surface. Gill opening 
a small hole beneath the dorsal portion of the 
well-developed opercular flap. Lower jaw in- 
cluded, without a reverted lip but with a fringe 
of about 12 to 16 forwardly projecting papil- 
lae the tips of which extend beyond the upper 
jaw when the mouth is closed. Teeth elon- 
gate, in one or a few rows in both jaws, those 
above pointing backward, those below pro- 
jecting up and back. A single lateral line run- 
ning along sides, without notable side 
branches except for one at the rear, which 
forms a saddle across the caudal peduncle. 
Two dorsal fins, the first very low, of 2, 3, or 
4 spines none of which reach the second 
dorsal origin when the first dorsal is depressed. 
Rays of second dorsal unbranched except for 
the last. All of the anal rays branched at tip, 
except for the last, which is divided to the 
base. Pelvic fins without separated rays and 
not attached to the middle of the pectoral fins 
by a membrane. 
Judging from the keys to callionymid gen- 
era given by Schultz and Woods (1948: 
419-420) and others, Pogonymus is most 
closely related to Eleutherochir . It differs from 
that genus and most other callionymids in the 
presence of a fringe of papillae on the lower 
jaw and in having the anal, but not the soft 
dorsal, rays divided at the tips. 
Pogon=(Gr.) beard; onyma=(Gr.) name. 
Pogonymus pogognathus sp. nov. 
Fig. 4 
holotype: USNM 175010, a nearly ripe 
female 25 mm. in standard length, taken in 3 
to 10 ft. of water in a small cove just west of 
Hanalei Bay, Kauai, Territory of Hawaii, by 
Gosline and Ohai, June 19, 1952. 
PARATYPES: USNM 175011, 5 specimens, 
15-21 mm.; University of Hawaii No, 1626, 
34 specimens, 11-22 mm., all with the same 
data as the holotype. 
Head broad and fiat, its greatest depth con- 
tained about 1.6 times in its greatest width, 
which in turn is contained about 1.2 times in 
the head length to the end of the opercular 
flap. Eyes large, contained about 4 times in 
the head length, not projecting above the 
dorsal surface of the head, separated by a 
bony interorbital that is about equal to a pupil 
diameter in width and that contains two 
median pores. Snout broad and blunt, its 
length about 24 an eye diameter. Gape nearly 
twice as broad as deep, the maxillary reaching 
about to the anterior border of the eye when 
the mouth is closed. Gill covers attached to 
one another below by a free fold across the 
isthmus. 
Lateral line dropping down to the mid- 
sides about at the pectoral tip, giving rise to 
about 15 pores along its length, some of these 
slightly above the lateral line and others 
slightly below; terminating posteriorly about 
halfway out along the caudal rays. 
Fig. 4. Pogonymus pogognathus, paratype. 
First dorsal originating about 14 of the way 
back along the standard length, its rays low 
and rather tightly bound to the midline of the 
back by the membrane behind the last ray. 
Longest dorsal spine considerably shorter 
than the distance between dorsal fins. Soft 
dorsal with 9 or 10 rays, lying somewhat ahead 
of anal, its last ray not nearly reaching caudal 
base when depressed. Anal with 9 or 10* rays, 
the tip of the last about reaching caudal base. 
