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PACIFIC SCIENCE, VoL XIII, April, 1959 
bus adpresso-hispidulis, laminis 1.2-4 cm. 
longis 7-28 mm. latis ovatis ad deltoideo- 
ovatis acutis vel obtusis firme crasse chartaceis 
et scabrissimis marginibus grosse crenatis vel 
etiam serratis supra obscure olivaceis in nervis 
adpresso-hispidis in intervallis adpresso-hispi- 
dulosis pilis cum basibus pustulatis infra 
pallide viridibus et adpresso-hispidulosis, ca- 
pitulis terminalibus solitariis vel raro in ra- 
mulis parvis cum bracteis reductis et cymis 
elongatis 3-capitatis simulantibus, pedunculis 
3-17 cm. longis nudis, involucris in flore 6 
mm. aids 10-12 mm. diametro sed in fructu 
rotatis et subreflexis, phyllaris biseriatis viri- 
dibus crassis coriaceis 13-nervosis subacutis 
ellipticis vel lanceolatis extra et infra adpressi- 
hispidulosis, phyllaris exterioribus 5 et 4-8 
mm. longis, interioribus 6-7 et simulan- 
tibus, receptaculo in flore lanceoloideo in 
fructu conico 4 mm. alto, paleis 5-6 mm. 
longis oblanceolatis scabris carinatis pluri- 
nervosis, floribus radiatis 6-9 luteis, laminis 
7-9 mm. longis late ellipticis pluri-nervosis 
emarginatis et subtridentatis, tubo 1 mm. 
longo, setis pappi 3-5 inaequalibus 1-2 mm. 
longis linearibus vel oblanceo-linearibus cras- 
sis rigidis scaberulis eis majoribus canalicula- 
tis, stylo 2 mm. longo filiformibus, stigma- 
tibus 2 ligulatis 1.5-2 mm. longis, achaeneis 
juvenalibus 1.8-2 mm. longis 1.7-1. 9 mm. 
latis trigonatis latere distali convexo late cu- 
neiforme apice dense breve albo-hispiduli, 
achaeneis maturis 2.7-3. 1 mm. longis 1.9-2. 7 
mm. latis trigonatis late cuneiformibus lateri- 
bus brunneis et nigro-maculatis forte tubercu- 
latis apice subplanato luteo-hispiduloso, 
aristis 1.5-2 mm. longis subulatis adscendenti- 
hispidulosis subpersistentibus, floribus disci 
ca. 80, corollis 4 mm. longis luteis, tubo 1.5 
mm. longo tubuloso, limbo anguste infundi- 
buliforme 2.5 mm. longo 5-lobato, lobis 0.8 
mm. longis deltoideis divergentibus, filamen- 
tis 1 mm. longis filiformibus pallidis, tubo 
staminalis 1.8 mm. longo in apice 0.5 mm. 
diametro ad basim attenuato, saccis antherae 
nigris, apicis connectivi pallidis deltoideo- 
ovatis, stylo 3 mm. longo pallido basi 0.4- 
0.5 mm. longo cylindrico subnigro firmo, 
stigmatibus 1 mm. longis ligulatis acutis, 
arista pappi unica ligulata subulata 2. 1-2.3 
mm. longa, achaeneis disci juvenalibus 1.8- 
2 mm. longis 0.7-0. 9 mm. latis cuneiformibus 
compressis lateribus convexis glabris apice 
obliquo hispidulo, achaeneis disci maturis 2.5 
mm. longis 1.7-2 mm. latis late cuneiformibus 
subluteis et pallide brunneo-maculatis in parte 
levibus in parte tuberculatis tetragonis basi 
obtusa vel truncata apice lato dense luteo- 
hispiduli marginibus tuberculatis, seta pappi 
pierumque una 1-2.3 mm. longa subulata 
hispidula curvata. 
Perennial suffruticose, erect, 3-8 dm. tall; 
the crown bearing several branches; the main 
stems much branched, gray, becoming brown, 
longitudinally fissured, 2-7 mm. in diameter 
at base; the lateral branchlets sharply several- 
angled, appressed hispidulous; petioles 4-18 
mm. long, slender, appressed hispidulous; 
blades 1.2-4 cm. long, 7-28 mm. wide, ovate 
to deltoid-ovate, acute or obtuse, thick, firm 
chartaceous and very scabrous, the margin 
coarsely crenate or even serrate, above dull 
olive green, appressed hispid on the veins, 
on the intervals closely appressed hispidulous 
from pustulate bases, below pale green and 
closely appressed hispidulous; heads terminal, 
usually solitary at tips of branches but rarely 
on small shoots with reduced bracts simulat- 
ing an elongate 3-headed cyme; peduncles 
3- 17 cm. long, naked; heads heterogamous, 
radiate; involucre in anthesis 6 mm. tall, 10- 
12 mm. in diameter, but in fruit widespread- 
ing and rotate or somewhat reflexed; phyl- 
laries in 2 rows, green, thick, coriaceous, with 
about 13 longitudinal nerves, subacute, 
broadly or narrowly elliptic or lanceolate, 
rough appressed hispidulous without and 
within, the outer ones mostly 5 in number, 
4- 8 mm. long, the inner ones 6-7, similar; 
receptacle in anthesis lanceoloid, in fruit 
conic, about 4 mm. tall and taller than broad; 
chaff 5-6 mm. long, oblanceolate, cartilagi- 
nous, rough scabrous, carinate, the back 
keeled, with numerous close longitudinal 
