196 
PACIFIC SCIENCE, VoL XIII, April, 1959 
1 part glacial acetic acid) provided good ma- 
terial for anatomical study. The others of the 
species, however, were studied from frag- 
ments of herbarium specimens treated accord- 
ing to techniques described earlier (Carlquist, 
1957^/ 207). The liquid-preserved material 
was prepared by means of techniques de- 
scribed in that paper. Preparations made from 
herbarium material, both as whole mounts 
and as sections, gave quite satisfactory infor- 
mation concerning vegetative anatomy. Every 
effort was made to secure mature leaves, to 
analyze structure of several portions of a leaf, 
and to secure stems both in primary condi- 
tion, for a study of stem structure, and with 
some secondary growth, for study of mature 
pith types. Pith of the rosette species of 
Ar^roxiphiimi (A. sandwichense) was taken 
from basal (epicotyl) portions of the rosette. 
Leaf anatomy was studied in all species except 
D. coriacea (Sherff) Keck, D. demissifolia 
(Sherff) Keck, and D. kohalae (Skottsb.) St. 
John. These species would probably add little 
to the gamut of variation presented here. 
Stem anatomy was studied for the majority of 
the species of Dubautia and Arg^roxiphium, as 
well as for Wilkesia. Subspecific variation was 
disregarded in this study, and analysis of the 
hybrids recognized by Sherff (1935) did not 
seem feasible at present. 
Dubautia arborea (Gray) Keck, Rock 8344 
(UC); D. ciliolata (DC.) Keck, var. laxiflora 
(DC.) Keck, Rock 10326 (UC); D. Hille- 
brandii (H. Mann) Keck, Hillebrand s.n. 
(GH, syntype); D. Knudsenii Hillebr., Carl- 
quist H15 (UC); D. laevigata Gray, Heller 
2616 (UC); D. latifolia (Gray) Keck, Heller 
2887 (UC); D. laxa H. & A., Carlquist H12 
(UC); D. linearis (Gaud.) Keck, Rock 8123 
(UC); D. lonchophylla (Sherff) Keck, St.John 
10303 (UC); D. magnifolia Sherff, Rock 9012 
(BISH); D. Menziesii (Gray) Keck, Carlquist 
H17 (UC); D. microcephala Skottsb., Carl- 
quist Hl4 (UC); D. molokaiensis (Hillebr.) 
Keck, Forbes 86Mo (UC); D. montana (H. 
Mann) Keck, Rock 8594 (UC); D. paleata 
Gray, Forbes 914K (BISH); D. plantaginea 
Gaud. var. platyphylla Hillebr., Carlquist 
H20a (UC); D. platyphylla (Gray) Keck, 
Forbes IIOIM (UC); D. railliardioideslYillQht., 
Carlquist Hl6 (UC); D. reticulata (Sherff) 
Keck, Rock 8573 (UC); D. Rockii (Sherff) 
Keck, Rock 8601 (BISH); D. scabra (DC.) 
Keck, Carlquist H20 (UC) ; D. Sherffiana Fosb., 
St.John 23924 (BISH) ; D. struthioloides (Gray) 
Keck, Wilkes Exped. s. n. (GH, type); D. 
ternifolia (Sherff) Keck, Forbes 1175 (BISH); 
D. thyrsiflora (Sherff) Keck, Forbes 1203M 
(GH); D. waialealae Rock, Rock Oct. 1911 
(GH, cotype). Arg^roxiphium CaligimiVothts, 
Carlquist H28 (UC); A. Grayanum (Hillebr.) 
Degener, Carlquist H27 (UC); A. sand- 
wichense DC., Carlquist Hl9 (UC); Wilkesia 
g^mnoxiphium Gray, Carlquist HlO (UC). 
Gratitude is expressed to the curators of 
these herbaria for use of their materials. Data 
concerning the stem of D. platyphylla were 
obtained from a slide (prepared from a liquid- 
preserved collection by Degener, no. 19188) 
kindly given to the writer by Dr. John W. 
Hall. Thanks are due Dr. Harold St. John for 
his assistance during the author’s field work 
in the Hawaiian Islands. 
ANATOMY 
Leaf Transections 
Characters of leaf anatomy as seen in tran- 
sections constitute the best indications of 
specific diversity in Dubautia. These charac- 
ters include bifacial or isolateral organization, 
relative size of cells in upper and lower epi- 
dermis, thickness of cell walls in epidermis, 
width of palisade, frequency of bundle- 
sheath extensions, presence of fibers within 
the bundle sheath, presence of secretory ca- 
nals in the bundle sheath, and occurrence of 
uniseriate nonglandular or biseriate glandular 
hairs. Cuticle is not included in description of 
epidermis cell wall thickness, because it was 
invariably a very thin layer. Numerous prep- 
arations showed separation of the cuticle from 
the epidermis (e.g.. Fig. 3). The species of 
Dubatitia are compared below by reference to 
"types” based on the species illustrated. No 
