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PACIFIC SCIENCE, Vol. XIII, October, 1959 
the striae obsolutely tuberculate. Aperture 
very narrow, the sides parallel. Color of body 
whorl dull yellow, reddish brown, or chest- 
nut, often darker at the base, banded at the 
center and shoulder with rows of white 
blotches. Spire with alternate brown and white 
maculations on each whorl. Interior of aper- 
ture white. 
length: 50 mm. 
TYPE LOCALITY: "Mers des grandes Indes.” 
REMARKS: This species has often been 
referred to as Conus ermineus Born (Dautzen- 
berg, 1937). Although Born did not provide 
a figure of C. ermineus and his brief description 
has been held by some (Burch, 1955) to be 
inadequate, the first figure reference given 
by Born (Valentyn, 1773: pi. 5, fig. 47) is a 
fairly good representation of the species under 
discussion. However, as was first pointed out 
by Brauer (1878), the two specimens on 
which Born’s original description was based 
(Naturhistorisches Museum, Vienna, Nos. 
4051 and 4052) are not conspecific with C 
litoglyphus Hwass. Born’s specimens are of the 
species later described by Lamarck (1810: 281) 
as C. narcissus. 
Conus litoglyphus occurs rarely on Hawaiian 
reefs. It has been collected at a depth of 30 
fathoms. 
Conus lividus Hwass in Bruguiere 
Fig. 17 in Plate 1 
Conus rusticus var. d Gmelin, 1791, Syst. Nat., 
ed. 13, p. 3383. (non rusticus lAnnQ, 1758.) 
Conus lividus Hwass in Bruguiere, 1792, Enc. 
Meth. Vers, 1: 630, pi. 321, fig. 5. 
Conus rusticus Linne (Gmelin). Schreibers, 
1793, Conchylienkenntniss, 1: 26. 
Cucullus monachos Roding, 1798, Mus. Bolte- 
nianum, p. 39. 
Conus plehej us link, 1807, Beschr. Nat.-Samml. 
Univ. Rostock, Abt. 3, p. 106. 
Conus lividus Bruguiere. Lamarck, 1810, 
Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, 15: 36. 
(?) Conus halteatus Sowerby, 1833, Conch. 
Ulus., p. 3, pt. 37, fig. 58. 
Conus lividus Lamarck . Quoy and Gaimard, 
1834, Voy. Astrolabe Zook, 3: 98, pi. 53, 
figs. 19-21. 
Conus sanguinolentus Quoy and Gaimard, 1834, 
Voy. Astrolabe Zook, 3: 99, pL 53, fig. 18. 
Conus lividus Linne. Krauss, 1848, Die 
Siidafrikanischen Molluscen, p. 130. 
Conus rusticus Linne. Morch, 1857, Catal. 
Suenson, p. 32. (error). 
Conus citrinus Gmelin. Sowerby, 1857, 
Thes. Conchyl., 3: 4, pi. 4, fig. 70. (error). 
(.^) Conus bocki Sowerby, 1881, Proc. Zook 
Soc. Lond., 1881: 636, pi. 56, fig. 7. 
(.^) Conus prytanis Sowerby, 1882, Proc. Zook 
Soc. Lond., p. 117, pi. 5, fig. 1. 
Conus plebeius Link. Tomlin, 1937, Proc. 
Make. Soc. Lond., 22: 293- 
Virgiconus lividus (Bruguiere). Cotton, 
1945, Rec. South Austral. Mus., 8: 254. 
Rhizoconus lividus (Bruguiere). Kira, 1955, 
Coloured Ulus. Shells Japan, p. 75. 
Stephanoconus lividus (Hwass). Kaicher, 
1956, Indo-Pacific Sea Shells, Sect. 5, pL 2, 
fig. 13. 
DESCRIPTION: Shell solid, with widely 
spaced transverse slightly elevated striae on 
the body whorl, the striae obsolete near the 
shoulder but strongly granulated basally. 
Aperture narrow, the sides parallel. Shoulder 
coronate; spire obtuse, coronated with large 
tubercles, striate, often eroded. Color olivace- 
ous or orange brown, with tubercles of the 
spire and a transverse band below the shoul- 
der white or bluish white. A central band on 
the body whorl light yellow, white, or bluish 
white. Color of aperture violet with a pale 
central transverse band; margin of outer lip 
yellow. Periostracum greenish brown, thick, 
opaque. In life, foot, rostrum and siphon 
black, finely mottled with more or less red, 
appearing reddish black. 
length: Usually to 60 mm. A specimen 76 
mm. in length, collected near Nanakuli, 
Oahu, is in the collection of Mr. A. M. 
Harrison of Honolulu. 
TYPE LOCALITY: "Antilles,” "Isle-de-France 
