56 
SALIX 
Exsiccata : — Billot, 848, 848 bis ; Fries, vii, 60; Kerner ( H . S.) 166 — 171 ; Leefe, 45, as S. aurita var. ; 
46, as 5 . aurita var. uliginosa \ 47 as 5 . aurita forma humilior ; E. F. et W. R. Linton, 15; Wirtgen, xv, 846, 
as var. uliginosa ; Herb. FI. Ingnc. iv, 568. 
Shrub or low shrub, usually 1 — 2 m. rarely 3 m. high. Branches wide-spreading, usually 
angular, usually glabrous at maturity. Stipules persistent, subcordate to rounded at the base, 
often subreniform, irregularly dentate. Petioles short, more or less hidden by the stipules, pubescent. 
Laminae obovate to elliptical-obtuse, usually more or less rounded at the base, margin undulate 
and irregularly dentate to subentire, apex obtuse or with a short oblique acumination, about 3 — 4 cm. 
long and 2 to 2 '5 broad, very rugose and wrinkled with veins sunken above and prominent 
underneath, pubescent above, grey and pubescent underneath. Catkins smaller than in S. caprea 
or S. cinerea, subsessile or on short peduncles ; appearing a little before the leaves ; April. 
Bracts obovate, with rather long hairs. Staminate catkins broadly elliptical, often about 1 — 2 cm. 
long. Filaments long, hairy at the base. Pistillate catkins narrower, cylindrical. Ovaries on 
pubescent stalks, hairy. Style very short or absent. Stigmas short, thick, emarginate or bifid. 
Capsules pubescent; May and early June. 
Borrer (in Hooker Brit. Ft. ed. 4, 365) truly remarks that 5 . aurita is “one of the least equivocal species”; yet it is 
very variable, and, when growing with S. cinerea , forms may easily be found which connect the two species. 
Continental botanists distinguish several varieties ; and it is certain that some of these occur in the British Isles. How- 
ever, British botanists have not studied the species very closely ; and until that has been done, we deem it best not to 
attempt any subdivision of the British forms. Syme (op. cit.) distinguishes (a) var. genuina which is perhaps var. uliginosa 
Gaudin FI. Helv. vi, 246, and ( b ) var. minor which is perhaps var. microphylla Gaudin loc. cit. ; and we should expect 
var. nemorosa Andersson {= S. nemorosa Fries in Bot. Notiser 187 (1840) also to be British: Syme, however, gives no localities 
of his two varieties; but var. minor has since been recorded for Ben More (see Journ. Bot. xxvii, 234 — 235 (1889)). 
Marshes, stream-sides, and damp woods on siliceous soils, and on acidic or transitional 
peat-moors ; throughout the British Isles, but local or rare in those counties, like Cambridge- 
shire, where calcareous or clayey soils predominate ; ascending to about 7 90 m. in Perthshire. 
Northern, western, and central Europe, ascending to 1700m. in the Tyrol; local in southern 
Europe; Caucasus and Trans-Caucasia (2160m.) to the Altai mountains. 
,S. aurita x caprea Wimmer in Denkschr. Schles. Gesellschaft. 163 (1853)! ; A. et G. Camus Classif. Saul. 
346 (1904); v. Seemen in Ascherson und Graebner Syn. iv, 219 (1909); Rouy FI. France xii, 243 (1910); 5 . 
capreola [J. Kerner in litt., ex] Andersson Monogr. Sal. 79 (1867); x 5 ". capreola White in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxvii, 
387 (1890). 
leones : — A. et G. Camus op. cit. t. 31, fig. H et J', as x S. capreola. 
Exsiccata: — A. et J. Kerner (H. Si), 161, 162, as 5 . capreola ; E. F. et W. R. Linton, 90 (accidental 
garden hybrid). 
Shrub or small tree. Branches spreading. Buds smaller than in N. caprea. Stipules broad. 
Laminae lanceolate or elliptical to oval, attenuate below, rather rugose above, pubescent underneath, 
suberenate-serrate. Catkins appearing before the leaves, a little larger than in S. aurita. Bracts 
acute. Style short or absent. Stigmas slender, yellowish. Capsules a little larger than in S. aurita , 
acute, tomentose, stalked. 
Not often recorded, and doubtless rather local, as S. aurita and S', caprea do not very often grow together. 
From Somerset and Kent to Perthshire. Ireland — co. Westmeath. 
Scandinavia, Germany, Belgium, France, central Europe. 
S’, aurita x civierea Wimmer in Flora xxxi, 330 (1848); A. et G. Camus Classif. Saul. 324(1904); 
v. Seemen in Ascherson und Graebner Syn. iv, 216 (1909); Rouy Ft. France xii, 239 (1910); x S. multinervis 
Doll FI. Baden 516 (1859); x 5 . lutescens A. Kerner in Verhandl. Z.-B. Gesellsch. Wien 253 (i860); White in 
Journ. Linn. Soc. xxvii, 383 (1890). 
leones: — A. et G. Camus op. cit., Atlas t. 30, fig. S — Y, as x S. multinervis. 
Camb. Brit. Ft. ii. Plate 56. (a) Shoot with staminate catkins, (b) Staminate flower, (c) Staminate 
flower (enlarged). Huntingdonshire (E. W. H.). Plate 57. (a) Shoot with pistillate catkins. ( b ) Barren shoot. 
(c) Pistillate flowers, (d) Pistillate flowers and bract (enlarged). Huntingdonshire (E. W. H.). 
Exsiccata: — E. F. et W. R. Linton, 16, 17. 
Shrub or small tree ; very variable, every stage occurring from S’, aurita to S. cinerea. 
Laminae more rugose than in S. cinerea, larger and more hairy than in S. aurita , very variable 
in shape, from short and obovate to elliptical-acute. Catkins intermediate in size. Filaments hairy. 
Style very short or absent. Capsules intermediate in size, stalked. 
