SALIX 
61 
leaves longer in autumn than any other of our indigenous willows. Catkins sessile, dense-flowered, 
appearing a little before the leaves ; April and early May. Staminate catkins cylindrical, about 
2 ‘5 — 3 - ocm. long. Bracts elliptical-acute, blackish towards the apex, hairy. Nectaries yellow, long, 
sometimes bifid. Filaments long. Pistillate catkins shorter, lengthening to about 4—6 cm. in fruit. 
Bracts broader. Nectaries as long as in the staminate flowers, usually appressed. Ovaries sessile 
or subsessile, narrowly ovate, with silky hairs. Style long. Stigmas about as long or rather longer 
than the style, sometimes more or less bifid, pale yellow. Capsules sessile or subsessile, pubescent, 
ovate ; May. 
(a) S. viminalis var. vulgaris A. Kerner in Verhandl. Zool.-Bot. Gesellsch. Wien 21 1 (i860); 5 . viminalis 
var. genuina Syme Engl. Bot. viii, 224 (1868) including var. intricata. 
leones: — Smith Eng. Bot. t. 1898, as 5 . viminalis ; Forbes Sal. Woburn, t. 133, as S', viminalis ; FI. Dan. 
t. 2485, as S. viminalis ; Reichenbach Icon. t. 597, fig. 1248, as S. viminalis ; Hartig Forst. Culturpfl. t. 46, as 
S. viminalis ; A. et G. Camus op. cit., Atlas t. 21, fig. A, C — G as S. viminalis. 
Cambr. Brit. FI. \\. Plate 59. (a) Shoot with staminate catkins. ( b ) Barren shoot and leaves. ( c ) Staminate 
flowers (enlarged). ( d ) Staminate flowers. Huntingdonshire (E. W. H.). Plate 60. (a) Shoot with pistillate 
catkins, (b) Barren shoot. ( c ) Pistillate flowers (enlarged). Huntingdonshire (E. W. H.). 
Exsiccata : — Billot, 1958, as S. viminalis ; Fries, i, 64, as S. viminalis ; A. et J. Kerner ( H . S. A.), 43, as 
5 . viminalis ; Leefe, 17, 18, 19, as 5 . viminalis var.; 20, as A. viminalis ? ; 22, as S. viminalis var.; 23, as 
S. viminalis var. leptostachya\ 21, as S. viminalis var. intricata ; 24, as S. viminalis var. intricata ? ; E. F. et 
W. R. Linton, 8, as 5 . viminalis ; Herb. FI. Ingric. x, 562 b, as 5 . viminalis. 
A larger plant than var. linearifolia , with stouter branches, longer and broader leaves, and 
larger catkins. 
This is the usual form of the common osier. 
(b) S. viminalis var. linearifolia Wimmer et Grabowski FI. Siles. ii, 368 (1829); S. viminalis var. angus- 
tissima Cosson et Germain FI. Env. Paris 504 (1845); A. et G. Camus Classif. Saul. 219 (1904); Rouy FI. 
France xii, 200 (1910); var. tenuifolia A. Kerner in Verhandl. Z.-B. Gesellsch. Wien 21 1 (i860). 
leones: — Cambr. Brit. FI. ii. Plate 61. (a) Shoot with pistillate catkins. ( b ) Barren shoots. ( c ) Pistillate 
flowers (enlarged). Huntingdonshire (E. W. H.). 
A smaller plant than var. vulgaris , with more slender branches, leaves, and catkins. 
We have seen specimens from Suffolk, Cambridgeshire, and Shropshire. In Huntingdonshire, it grows side 
by side with var. vulgaris, on alluvial land which is subject to inundations in winter. 
France, Germany (Hamburg, sp.), central Europe. 
5. viminalis is common by streams and in damp alluvial meadows throughout the lowlands of 
England, eastern Scotland, and Ireland; rarely indigenous in hilly districts, though White (Trans. 
Perthshire Soc. Nat. Sc. i, pt. iv, 187 (1890)) states that it occurs “on the banks of streams in the 
Lowlands and in some of the Highland valleys” of Perthshire. Commonly cultivated as an 
osier. 
Norway (to 64 12" N.), Sweden, Denmark, Germany, Holland, Belgium, France, central Europe, 
Spain, Portugal, Russia, the Balkans; Caucasia to Kashmir (3330m.) and Japan; America (not 
indigenous). 
tS. aurita x viminalis Wimmer in Flora xxxi, 313 (1848) emend.; A. et G. Camus Classif. Saul. 
320 (1904); v. Seemen in Ascherson und Graebner Syn. iv, 274 (1909) excluding syn. Andersson ; Rouy FI. 
France xii, 238 (1910); S. ferruginea Forbes Sal. Woburn. 255 (1829); Hooker Brit. FI. ed. 4, 364 (1838); Syme 
Eng. Bot. viii, 228 (1868); x A. fruticosa Doll FI. Baden. 515 (1859); x S. smithiana var. ferruginea Andersson 
in DC. Prodr. xvi, pt. ii, 268 (1868); White in fourn. Linn. Soc. xxvii, 419 (1890) partim. 
leones : — Forbes Sal. Woburn, t. 128, as S. ferruginea-, Borrer in Eng. Bot. Suppl. t. 2665, as S. ferruginea \ ; 
A. et G. Camus op. cit., t. 29, fig. Q — X, as x S. fruticosa. 
Cambr. Brit. FI. ii. Plate 62. (a) Shoot with pistillate catkins, (b) Leaves of summer shoots, (c) Pistillate 
flowers, (d) Pistillate flowers (enlarged). Hort. (Rev. E. F. Linton). 
Exsiccata : — Billot, 3678, as S. ferruginea ; Engler (PI. Brest) 30 ; Heidenreich (FI. Boruss. Orient.) ; Leefe, 
[32, 33. et i, 22 as 5 . rugosa (some of these plants are probably complex hybrids)]; 35, 36, et iii, 63, et iv, 89 
[received from Woburn], as S. ferruginea -, E. F. et W. R. Linton, 11 ; herb. Marshall, 875. 
Shrubs, about 3 — 4 m. high. Young branches and buds less stout than in the allied hybrids 
S', caprea x viminalis and S. cinerea x viminalis, hairy but less persistently so and less markedly so 
than in the allied hybrids. Stipules caducous or persistent, usually smaller than in the allied hybrids. 
