ULMUS 
9 1 
t U. glabra x nitens Moss in Gard. Chron. ser. 3, li, 198 (1912); U. latifolia Moench Meth. Plant. 333 
(1794); U. carpinifolia Lindley Syn. 226 (1829); U. glabra var. latifolia Lindley op. cit. p. 227; U. montana 
var. nitida Fries FI. Suec., Mant. iii, 20 (1842) excluding syn. Lindley; Syme Eng. Bot. ed. 3. viii, 142 (1868); 
U. glabra x scabra Schneider III. Ha7idb. Laubh. i, 218 (1904); U. campestris x scabra Ascherson und Graebner 
Syn. iv, 565 (1911). 
Trees, suckering freely as in U. nitens. Young branches stouter and usually more hairy 
than in U. nitens , striated or not in the second year. Winter-buds stouter than in U. nitens , 
rather hairy. Petioles longer than in U. glabra , often hairy. Laminae larger than in U. nitens , 
often nearly as large as in U. glabra ; of the normal leaves, smooth above as in U. nitens. 
Fruits larger than in U. nitens , often nearly as large as in U. glabra. Seed variously placed, 
usually between the centre and the notch as in U. nitens , rarely in the centre as in U. glabra. 
Several of the older botanists (e.g., Martyn in Gard. Diet. ed. 9) and foresters (e.g., Loudon Arboret. iii) were aware 
that seeds gathered from certain elms gave rise to plants which differed from those from which the seeds were gathered. 
Botanists like Bentham (Handb. 467 (1858)) regarded this phenomenon as a justification for uniting the British elms into a 
single species. It is now known that seeds of a good species, when it is pollinated by another good species or by a hybrid, 
may yield seeds which produce mixed seedlings. Recently, Professor A. Henry has informed us that he has found that U. 
nitens , U. stricta , U. campestris (from Spain), and U. glabra , are true to seed. 
We believe that hybrids in this genus, as in many other genera where wind-pollination obtains, are very numerous ; but 
it is almost impossible to be sure of the parents of putative natural hybrids in genera where more than two species grow 
together. 
We here give descriptions of two elms which, so far as can be judged from their characters, appear to be due to the 
crossing of U. glabra and U. nitens ; but until these hybrids have been produced artificially, and by exact methods, there 
can be no certainty that the plants in question have the affinities suggested. There is much more doubt in cases like these, 
where the trees are commonly planted, than in those where the natural distribution of the supposititious hybrids may be more 
satisfactorily studied. 
(B) x *U. vegeta Schneider III. Handb. i, 218 (1904); Ascherson und Graebner Syn. iv, 566 (1911); Moss 
in Gard. Chron. ser. 3, li, 198 et 235 (1912); U. glabra var. vegeta Loudon Arboret. iii, 1404 (1838); U. vegeta 
Ley in Jotirn. Bot. xlviii, 68 (1910)!. Huntingdon Elm. 
leones : — Camb. Brit. FI. ii. Plate pp (a) Winter-twig, (b) Flowering twig, (e) Flower, (d) Flowers 
(enlarged), (e) Ovary (enlarged). (/) Outer scale of flower-bud (enlarged), (g) Fruits, (h) Apices of fruits 
(enlarged). Plate py. Summer-shoot. Huntingdon (E. W. H.). 
Exsiccata : — Herb. Lindley (in Herb. Univ. Cantab.), as U. vegeta (nomen). 
Tree, attaining a height of about 30 — 36 m., very quick-growing. Branches ascending at a 
narrow angle (about 30°) from a short bole; ultimate branches descending. Petioles about ro — 1*5 cm. 
long. Laminae nearly the same size and shape as those of U. glabra , doubly and coarsely 
serrate, acute to acuminate, very smooth and very shining above, terminal ones about 10 — 12 cm. 
long and 5 — 6 broad ; of the suckers, summer-twigs, and of twigs produced from adventitious 
leaves of the main trunk, rough above ; unfolding its leaves a little later than U. glabra and 
U. camfestris. Inflorescences rather large. Outer scales of the flower-buds larger than in U. nitens , 
about as broad as long, obtuse and undivided at the apex, with fine hairs at the margin. Flowers 
appearing a few days later than in U. nitens. Perianth with 4 — 5, usually 4 segments, greenish, 
tipped with red, larger than in U. nitens. Stamens protruding as in U. nitens. Stigmas rose-red, 
suberect, longer and more protruding than in the other elms. Fruits larger than in U. nitens , 
about 2 'o — 27 mm. long and about three-quarters as broad, obovate, obtuse. Seed between the 
centre and the notch ; seed-cavity and notch more or less separated. 
Said to have been raised from seed in a nursery at Huntingdon, about 1747 to 1756 (Loudon loc. cit.)-, but if it is a 
hybrid, it may have originated in more than one locality and many times over. 
Rather local in hedgerows in Essex, Cambridgeshire, Huntingdonshire, and the Midlands ; planted from 
Oxford westwards to Essex and Lincolnshire. By the aid of the nurserymen, the Huntingdon elm is spreading 
rapidly in England, usually as a tree of parks and gardens. 
Southern Scandinavia, Germany, Switzerland, and doubtless elsewhere. 
(C) x -fU. hollandica Moss in Gard. Chron. ser. 3, li, 199 et 217 (1912); U. hollandica Miller Gard. Diet. 
ed. 8, no. 5 (1768); U. campestris var. fungosa Aiton Hort. Kew. i, 319 (1789); U. major Smith Eng. Bot. no. 
2542 (1814) non auctorum plurorum ; U. montana var. major Syme Eng. Bot. viii, 142 (1868); ? U. vulgaris var. 
suberosa Rouy FI. France xii, 266 (1910). Dutch Elm. 
Ulmus major hollandica angustis et magis acuminatis samarris folio latissimo scabro Plukenet Almagest. Bot. 
393 (1696)?. 
leones : — Smith Eng. Bot. t. 2542, as U. major (cited, but not repeated in Syme Eng. Bot., loc. cit). 
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