9 8 
HUM ULUS 
Europe, except Arctic and sub-Arctic, ascending to 1540 m. in Switzerland; central and northern 
Asia; North America. 
Genus 2. # Cannabis 
Cannabis [Tournefort Inst. 535, t. 309 (1719)] L. Sp. PI. 102 7 (1753) et Gen. PI. ed. 5, 453 (1754); 
Engler in Engler und Prantl Pflanzenfam. iii, pt. i, 97 (1894). 
Annual herbs. Stems erect, not prickly. Laminae palmatisect. Inflorescence of pistillate flowers 
sessile or almost so, consisting of an opposite pair of branches with secondary shoots, each bearing 
2 inflorescences, and therefore whorled. Bracts of pistillate flowers as in Humulus , except that 
the related axis is here a repeatedly branched leafy shoot. Ovary elongate. Stigmas elongate. 
Seeds smaller than in Humulus. Embryo curved. 
Only species : — *C. sativa. 
1. *CANNABIS SATIVA. Hemp 
Cannabis Gerard Herb. 572 (1597) including C. spuria-, C. sativa Ray Syn. ed. 3, 138 (1724). 
'Cannabis sativa L. Sp. PI. 1027 (1753); Syme Eng. Bot. viii, 131 (1868); Ascherson und Graebner 
Syn. iv, 598 ( 1 9 1 1 ). 
leones: — Reichenbach Icon. t. 655, fig. 1325; Syme Eng. Bot. t. 1283 (1868). 
Annual, up to nearly 1 m. in height. Stem usually much branched, rather hairy. Laminae 
opposite and decussate, palmatisect, with 7 narrow serrate segments, scabrous, glandular. Inflorescences 
dioecious; July and August. Staminate inflorescences more or less lax-flowered. Pistillate inflores- 
cences sessile or subsessile, dense-flowered. 
We suppose the British plant is always C. sativa var. indica. 
Waste places and cultivated ground only, chiefly in southern England. 
Indigenous in the steppe region of south-eastern Europe and Asia. Cultivated in most of the warmer 
countries of the earth, and escaping from cultivation into waste places. 
Family 3. URTICACEAE 
Urticaceae Lindley Nat. Syst. ed. 2, 175 (1836) partim ; Endlicher Gen. Plant. 282 (1837); Weddell 
Monogr. Fam. Urticees in Arch. Museum d'Hist. Nat. ix, 49 (1856 — 7); Engler in Pflanzenfam. iii, pt. i, 98 
(1894); Urticae Jussieu Gen. 400 (1789) partim; Urticeae Mirbel Ellm. ii, 904 (1815). 
Shrubs (rarely), or perennial or (rarely) annual herbs ; latex absent ; stinging-hairs often present. 
Stipules usually present, sometimes united in pairs between the petioles. Laminae simple. In- 
florescences dioecious or diclinous, catkinate or cymose. Perianth usually 4-partite. Filaments bent 
inwards in bud, suddenly straightening at maturity and thus bursting the anthers and scattering the 
pollen. Ovary of 1 superior carpel, unilocular, adherent to the perianth. Ovules 1 to each loculus, 
basal, anatropous. Fruit a nutlet (in the British species), enclosed either by the 4 perianth-segments 
or by the 2 inner perianth-segments. Embryo straight. 
About 4 1 genera and 460 species ; tropical and temperate zones. 
British tribes of Urticaceae 
Tribe 1. Urereae (see below). Stinging hairs present. Leaves opposite. Pistillate perianth 
4-partite. 
Tribe 2. Parietarieae (p. 101). Stinging hairs absent. Leaves alternate. Pistillate perianth 
tubular. 
Tribe 1. UREREAE 
Urereae Gaudichaud Voy. Aut. Monde 496 (1826); Engler in Engler und Prantl Pflanzenfam. iii, pt. i, 
103 (1894). 
For characters, see above. Only British genus; — Urtica. 
