Four New Diclidophorid Gill Parasites—' Unnithan 
81 
of the testes and passing beneath the ovary opens 
into the male genital pore. In front of the ovary 
it is surrounded by a large pasprostatica 631 /x 
long and 168 ,/x wide, which extends to the angle 
of the intestinal bifurcation. Male genital pore 
situated 294 /x from the anterior end of the body, 
is ventral circular, with a thin rim and armed 
with six conical, curved spines (Fig. 4). Penis 
and cirrus not observed. 
Ovary simple, somewhat club-shaped, with a 
large distal portion, 210 X 189 ft (Fig. 5) and 
situated in front of the testes zone, curving 
round the median seminal receptacle; ova of 
different sizes, largest ones being present at the 
distal end; oviduct thin and narrow, originates 
from the posterior corner of the distal part of 
the ovary, runs backward parallel to the male 
genital duct, and opens into a spherical dilata- 
tion, probably the ootype. Uterus not very clear. 
Egg not observed. 
Vitellaria present along the lateral field from 
the level of the intestinal bifurcation to the 
junction between the ovary and the haptor, not 
confluent posteriorly; follicles not very numer- 
ous but large, spherical or polygonal, 63-82 /x 
wide. Transverse and median vitelline ducts not 
very distinct. 
Vagina absent (?), but a vaginal duct is 
traced arising from the spherical deeply stained 
region (ootype) close to the terminal end of 
the oviduct and emptying into the huge recep- 
taculum seminis. This duct is filled with a dark 
substance, probably a mixture of foreign sperms 
and vitelline matter. Receptaculum seminis ir- 
regularly oval 105 X 84 /x, accommodated almost 
within the curve of the ovary. From the recep- 
taculum seminis the vaginal duct can be traced 
as a more median, narrow duct up to the anterior 
level of the ovarian zone beyond which it is in- 
distinct; this duct also is filled with dark matter 
as in the previous duct. 
HOST: Upeneus vittatus ( Forskal ) , on the 
gills. 
LOCALITY: Trivandrum (southwest coast of 
India). One specimen collected 19 April 1956. 
DISCUSSION 
The genus Upenicola closely resembles Dicli- 
dophora Diesing, 1850, in the shape of the body, 
structure of the damps, absence of vagina, struc- 
ture of the male genital pore, etc. But in Upeni- 
cola the haptor is dearly demarcated from the 
body and the damps are sessile, with greater 
cuticularization of sclerites, and the fleshy struc- 
tures of Diclidophorids are absent. Though a 
vaginal pore is apparently absent it is presumed 
that a temporary slitlike opening may be present 
for the outlet of the contents in the vaginal duct., 
which is so well formed. This aperture may be 
formed at the terminus of the vaginal duct at 
the time of sperm transference. The distribution 
of the testes is unique in this monogenoidean. In 
Diclidophora there are numerous testes, which 
occupy both intercrural and extra crural regions,, 
and some posterior ones may also extend into 
the haptor. But in this species the number is 
limited to 11, more or less, and they are con- 
fined to the intercrural region between the ovary 
and the haptor. Moreover, there is no penis or 
cirrus in this species, while a pasprostatica is 
well developed; but in Diclidophora a penis or 
cirrus, as the male intromittent organ, is always 
present and a pasprostatica is absent. Another 
important difference is that, while in Diclido- 
phora the male intromittent organ is armed with 
numerous spines, in the present species the male 
pore carries only six curved spines. Also the 
vitelline follicles are larger and fewer, and a 
prepharynx is present. 
These marked differences make it necessarpito 
create the new genus Upenicola to accommodate 
the new species. 
The generic name signifies that the gill trema- 
tode inhabits Upeneus spp. of fishes, and the 
specific name is the name of the host. 
Subfamily CHORICOTYLINAE Sproston, 1946 
Urocotyle n. gen. 
generic DIAGNOSIS: Choricotylinae, with a 
short stem separating the haptor from the body 
proper; clamps pedunculate, choricotylid, with 
more advancement; median spring in the form 
of a ring at the base of the clamp and with the 
ventral half broader, platelike, with long cuticu- 
larized peglike spine arising from it; riblike 
cuticularized thickenings present; abaxial and 
adaxial half asymmetrical; with tail-like an- 
chored lappet; male genital pore armed; vagina 
present, unarmed, behind the male genital pore; 
