90 
PACIFIC SCIENCE, Vol. XX, January 1966 
bothrium. Even though the new species possesses 
some of the characters of Choricotyle Van Ben. 
& Hesse and of Cyclobothrium Cerf., it is unique 
in possessing a vagina and the peculiar structure 
for the pharynx. 
From the measurement of the organs in this 
species it is evident that the various organ sys- 
tems may change their shapes, sizes, and even 
extent of distribution during growth; a short 
worm, 1.7 mm long, has all its organs relatively 
smaller than another, 3-3 6 mm long. In the 
present collection the type specimen is in the 
testicular phase and, as such, there are numerous 
testes and the ovary is very small (168 X 168 /x), 
while a paratype 3-36 mm long is in the ovarian 
phase and the ovary is enlarged (315 X 210 /x). 
In the latter specimen the testes are practically 
absent except for two or four, apparently being 
spent already in the testes phase. In a few speci- 
mens the receptaculum seminis is highly pro- 
nounced, while in others it is rather empty. The 
cuticularized structure and the structure of the 
oral pouches and pharynx do not vary much in 
this species, but the clamps increase slightly in 
size during growth. The most variable organs 
are the ovary and testes. Much emphasis is to be 
placed on the changeable nature of these organs 
and organ systems, lest their differences be 
treated as definitive, and consequently used in 
the creation of new species. 
The generic name indicates that the parasite 
is found on the Kerala coast; the specific name 
refers to the host fish. 
SUMMARY 
From marine fishes of the Indian seas four 
new species of monogenetic trematodes belong- 
ing to the family Diclidophoridae Fuhrmann, 
1928, sensu Price, 1943, are recorded and de- 
scribed. They are Upenicola upenoides, Uroco- 
tyle pristipoma, Dussumericola dussumeria, and 
Keralina opisthopterus. Each of these species 
has its own host and new genus. All inhabit 
local marine fishes belonging to closely related 
families (percoids and clupeids). 
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 
The author wishes to express his gratitude to 
Miss N. G. Sproston for guidance and advice in 
his work. His sincere thanks are due also to Dr. 
N. K. Panikkar, who provided working facilities 
in the Central Marine Fisheries Research Insti- 
tute at Mandapam Camp, and to Dr. C. C. John, 
for permission to collect material from the 
Marine Biological Laboratory at Trivandrum. 
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