92 
PACIFIC SCIENCE, Vol. XX, January 1966 
Fig. 1. Hawaiian Hime japonicus (Gunther), 219 mm in standard length. 
bands; adipose fin brown with red distal tip. 
This coloration agrees with that of the Japanese 
specimen figured by Kamohara (1955: pi. 9), 
except that his fish has only weak indications of 
spotting on the dorsal, caudal, and pectoral fins, 
and none at all on the cheeks and opercles. 
In alcohol the Hawaiian Hime is dusky above 
and pale below. The four dark saddles persist, as 
does the gray ground color of the dorsal fin and 
upper caudal lobe. These fins are now white- 
spotted, for their vermilion pigment has faded 
completely. 
The Hawaiian specimen agrees well with the 
description of the Japanese type given by Gun- 
ther (1880:72) and with the brief account of 
other Japanese material presented by Matsubara 
(1955:240). H. japonicus can be distinguished 
from its only other congener, H. damasi (also 
from Japan), by its having 15 or 16 dorsal rays, 
about 43 lateral line scales, and an eye diameter 
about equal to the snout length, as compared 
with 14 dorsal rays, about 35 lateral line scales, 
and the eye diameter shorter than the snout in 
damasi. Among Hawaiian fishes H. japonicus 
superficially resembles the Synodontidae and the 
Chlorophthalmidae. It can be distinguished from 
the Synodontidae by its large eye, which is con- 
tained 3-6 times in the head length as opposed 
to 5-6 times in the Synodontidae, and from the 
Chlorophthalmidae by its long dorsal fin. The 
dorsal base is 3-5 times the eye diameter in 
Hime, and equals the eye diameter in Chloroph- 
thalmus. 
The specimen has been deposited in the U. S. 
National Museum (No. 198224). 
FAMILY SERRANIDAE 
A second unrecorded Hawaiian fish was taken 
with the Hime discussed above. This was a 
2 14 -mm male Pikea maculata Doderlein and 
Steindachner. Another unreported Hawaiian 
specimen of P. maculata was subsequently made 
available by Dr. Gosline. The latter fish, which 
is 213 mm in standard length, lacks collection 
data and its sex cannot be determined. Both 
specimens are essentially identical with Doder- 
lein and Steindachner’s illustration (Steindach- 
ner and Doderlein, 1883: pi. 6, fig. 1) of the 
Japanese type specimen, which is reproduced 
here as Figure 2. 
Counts are the same for both specimens ex- 
cept for pectoral rays and scales. Both fish have 
D VIII, 12; A III, 8; VI, 5; C 17; branchiostegal 
rays 7 ; and gill rakers on the first arch 1 + 1 + 6 
(there are also five flat patches of tiny denticles 
dorsad to the first raker and about four such 
patches ventrad to the last raker). The 214-mm 
fish has 68 pore-bearing scales in the lateral line, 
the 213-mm individual has 64. The 214-mm 
fish has 6Y2 + 1 + 31 scales transversely be- 
tween the first dorsal spine and the anus, the 
213-mm fish has 63+2 + 1 + 32. The larger fish 
has a pectoral formula of i,l4— i,l4,i; the smaller 
has i, 14, i in both pectorals. Schultz (1958:328) 
gives a pectoral formula of ii, 13 for Japanese 
maculata, but does not state the number of speci- 
mens examined or the range of variation in this 
character. 
The teeth of maculata are needle-like and are 
closely set in bands on the dentary, premaxil- 
