Hime, Pikea, and Omobranchus — -Strasburg 
93 
lary, vomer, and palatines. They are retrorse and 
depressible posteriorly. The tongue bears tiny 
asperities which cannot be felt with the finger 
but which crepitate when probed with a needle. 
The anterior nostril lies in a simple thin-walled 
tube about 2.5 mm in length; the posterior 
nostril is kidney-shaped and has a raised rim. 
Measurements (in mm) made on the 214- 
and 213-mm specimens, respectively, are: head 
length 82, 83; snout length 24.2, 23.0; eye 
diameter 14.4, 15.3; snout to dorsal origin (di- 
agonal) 96, 91; length of dorsal base 85, 85; 
snout to anal origin (diagonal) 157, 155; length 
of anal base 31.4, 29-3; longest D spine (third) 
24.0, 21.8; longest D ray (seventh) 43.5, 43.0; 
longest A spine (third) 21.3, 21.7; longest A 
ray (fourth) 40.7, 39 . 8 ; longest pectoral ray 
(fifth from top) 58.6, 54.8; longest pelvic ray 
(second) 37.4, 40.3; width of bony interorbital 
17.1, 15.0; greatest depth of body 64, 64; and 
least depth of caudal peduncle 35.9, 34.7. 
The 214-mm fish was frozen after capture, 
and thawed and photographed three days later. 
Its colors were as follows, based on a 3 5 -mm 
transparency. Ground color pink; upper sides 
and back covered with numerous scattered red, 
dark-red, and yellow spots about size of pupil, 
yellow spots tending to form lengthwise stripes 
across snout and opercle. Lower sides, belly, and 
breast plain pink. Anal and spinous dorsal pink, 
the tips of the rays yellow; soft dorsal pink with 
dark-red spots and narrow yellow edge; pec- 
torals light red, the upper rays yellow; outer 
caudal rays yellow, inner rays pink, spotted with 
dark-red. Iris red with traces of yellow. 
In alcohol this fish is pale straw-colored except 
for what were formerly the dark-red spots on its 
upper sides, head, and caudal fin. These persist 
as brown spots. The longest dorsal, anal, pelvic, 
and caudal rays are narrowly tipped with black. 
The two Hawaiian maculata fit the descrip- 
tion and figure of the Japanese type specimen 
described by Steindachner and Doderlein ( 1883: 
234), and also agree with maculata as set forth 
in the keys of Okada and Matsubara (1938: 197- 
198) and Matsubara (1955:621). There are 
slight differences in proportions between Ha- 
waiian and Japanese specimens in that the Ha- 
waiian form tends to be slightly slimmer, its 
lateral line is highest beneath the fourth and 
fifth dorsal spines ( instead of the sixth or 
seventh), and the last dorsal spine is only slightly 
less than half the length of the longest dorsal 
ray (rather than "much shorter" than half this 
ray). 
P. maculata can be distinguished from aurora, 
the other Hawaiian Pikea, by the following char- 
acters. P. maculata has anal rays III, 8 ; 64-70 
pores in the lateral line; 8 gill rakers on the 
first arch; and is marked anteriorly and pos- 
teriorly with spots about the size of the pupil. 
P. aurora has anal rays III, 9; 48-51 pores in the 
lateral line, 21 rakers on the first gill arch, and 
numerous tiny spots, the largest about J /3 pupil 
diameter in width, posteriorly on the body. Some 
of these data are from Schultz (1958:327) and 
from a specimen of aurora loaned by Dr. 
Gosline. 
The 214-mm fish has been deposited in the 
U. S. National Museum (No. 198225). 
Fig. 2. Type of Pikea maculata, 25 cm total length. (After Steindachner and Doderlein.) 
