Alpheid Shrimp, X: Fiji, Tonga, Samoa — Banner and Banner 
183 
that projects as a rounded lobe overhanging 
the transverse groove. Transverse groove con- 
tinued into triangular depressed area on outer 
face; depressed area with margins gradual and 
rounded, well defined only on inferior side; 
proximal apex of triangular area continued as 
a shallow groove that follows the Unea impressa 
proximally to near base of palm. Lower 
shoulder on outer face strong but rounded. 
On inner face of palm transverse groove con- 
tinued into two ill-defined depressions, one 
running inferiorly to form depression before 
lower shoulder, the other continued proximally 
towards the middle of the palm face. Dactylus 
heavy, curved, with its distal portions crossing 
fixed finger; tip slightly longer than fixed 
finger. Palmar and dactylar adhesive plaques 
small. Scattered setae only on distal portion 
of chela. 
Merus of smaller cheliped 2.5 times as long 
as broad; distal end of superior margin un- 
armed and rounded; inferior internal margin 
terminated with a small, acute tooth. Carpus 
with flat, subacute toothlike projection on 
superior margin projecting over base of 
propodus. Chela proper 2.2 times length of 
merus, 0.7 length of large chela; 3-6 times as 
long as broad, with the fingers occupying 0.42 
the total length. Palm with slight compression, 
bearing shallow rounded and ill-defined de- 
pressions on superior margin and both faces, 
similar to those of large chela but not as 
extensive; without any trace of inferior 
shoulder as found on large chela. Fringe of 
bristles on dactylus well developed; tip sharp, 
hooked, and crossing similar tip of fixed finger; 
both fingers with low, sharp ridge extending 
along inner margin of appositional surface. 
Distal portion of inner face of chela with 
scattered long setae. 
Carpal articles of second legs with ratio 
10:9:3:3:6, second article 5 times as long as 
broad; chela subequal in length to second 
article. 
Third legs with ischium armed with a strong 
movable spine; ischium 0.42 as long as merus. 
Merus unarmed, 4.4 times as long as broad, with 
slight distal taper. Carpus 0.5 length of merus, 
with distal angles not developed into teeth 
nor bearing spines. Propodus 0.7 length of 
merus, tapering distally, bearing about 1 3 spines 
and spinules along inferior margin. Dactylus 
curved, acute, simple, 0.23 length of merus 
and 0.33 length of propodus, bearing several 
groups of short stiff setae toward tip. 
Uropods of normal form, unarmed except 
for curved spine at shoulder of outer branch. 
Telson twice as broad at maximum breadth as 
at posterior tip; length 2.8 times breadth at 
tip; lateral margins slightly but regularly 
convex, tip broadly arcuate; lateral terminal 
spines slight and inconspicuous; dorsal spines 
well developed. 
No apparent sexual dimorphism except in 
form of abdominal pleura of ovigerous females; 
large and small chelae in female identical with 
those of male. 
DISCUSSION: Alpheus strenuus is a member 
of a series of species in the Edwardsi group 
that are separated by subtle differences, often 
based upon later interpretations of the rather 
inadequate descriptions and figures of the 
earliest workers on the family; to evaluate the 
validity of these species, either the type speci- 
mens should be redescribed in detail, or, where 
the type is lost, a neotype should be designated 
and described. In addition, a study of the 
variation within the species should be made, 
to see if it encompasses other nominal species. 
Because Dana’s type for this species has 
been lost, as were so many of the other species 
of crustaceans that he described, and as the 
type locality for his species was Tonga, we 
collected, described, and depicted a specimen 
as a neotype from Tonga for our original 
(destroyed) paper. Dana did not specify 
where on the island of Tongatabu he collected 
his specimens; our neotypic series was col- 
lected within walking distance of the usual 
landing place at Nukualofa, possibly in the 
exact area where Dana collected his specimens. 
The neotype-to-be was the largest specimen 
from Tonga, 37 mm long, and shorter than 
Dana’s, which was 134 inches, or about 44 mm. 
However, specimens from other islands in our 
collections reached the length of 62 mm. The 
only difference between the specimen desig- 
nated as the neotype and the description and 
