Alplieid Shrimp, X: Fiji, Tonga, Samoa — B anner and Banner 
185 
et forme a l’apex anterieur un angle saillant 
. . The first two characteristics fall easily 
within the range of variation reported above. 
The third appears to be too subtle and in- 
constant to be reliable. Therefore we consider 
Coutiere’ s subspecies to be invalid. On the 
other hand, the form described by Sivertsen ap- 
pears to be quite distinct, especially in the 
form of the rostrum, which in his subspecies 
does not reach to the middle of the visible 
portion of the first antennular article. On the 
basis of its characteristics and its geographic 
isolation we regard it as a valid subspecies. 
This species is separated from all other 
Edwards! species, when they are of normal and 
usual development, by the presence of a 
balaeniceps dactylus on the small chela of both 
sexes. If the male only is present in a collec- 
tion, or if the specimens lack intact small 
chelae, then separation between this and such 
related species as A. crassimanus, A. pacificus, 
A. audouini, etc. is indeed difficult, but dis- 
tinction may usually be made by the shape 
of the proximal margin of the transverse groove 
and the inferior shoulder on the large chela. 
Another differentiating characteristic may be 
found in the setae on the last article of the 
third maxilliped. However, in two species of 
the complex some females have been reported 
as bearing at times setiferous crests on the 
dactyli of the small chela characteristic of A. 
strenuus. Coutiere stated that the females of 
his species, A. audouini, did at times ( "n’est 
pas rare ”) have traces of the crests normally 
found only in the males (1905:914). This 
species, in that case, may be distinguished from 
A. strenuus only by subtle differences in the 
form of the large chela, which can be seen by 
comparing Coutiere’s figures 52 and 53 (1905: 
PI. 87). A. pareuchirus Coutiere var. imatrix 
de Man (1909A1Q6) was separated from the 
parent species by the fact that the female bears 
balaeniceps chela. Those females may be dis- 
tinguished easily in the form of the large chela, 
which is more elongate and in which the lower 
shoulder is indicated only by a shallow rounded 
depression; the third legs are also more slender 
and tapering. 
There has been considerable doubt in our 
minds, as there has been in the minds of 
previous workers, about the specific distinctions 
within this group of related species, which 
includes A. strenuus, A. audouini, A . edwardsi, 
A. pacificus , and A. chiragricus. All are of large 
size and somewhat similar form. Careful exam- 
ination, however, has left us convinced that 
A. strenuus at least is a separate and valid 
species, and that the form of the chela in the 
female is an excellent specific character. 
A. strenuus is of wide distribution in the 
Pacific, being recorded from numerous islands 
from the Indian Ocean to Tahiti. Most of the 
specimens recorded here were collected under 
rocks on sandy beaches in the lower portion of 
the intertidal zone. 
Alpheus pacificus Dana 
Alpheus pacificus Dana, 1852*2. Acad. Mat. 
Sci. Philadelphia, Proc. 6:21; 1852 A U. S. 
Explor. Exped. 13:544, pi. 34, fig. 5. 
LOCALITIES: Fiji: 5 specimens from BF 3;. 
1, BF 21. Samoa: 1 specimen from BP 10; 
4, BP 11. 
Alpheus parvirostris Dana 
Alpheus parvirostris Dana, 1852^. Acad. Mat. 
Sci. Philadelphia, Proc. 6: 22. 1852^, TJ. S. 
Explor. Exped. 13:551, pi. 35, fig. 3. 
LOCALITIES: Fiji: 4 specimens from BF 4; 
3, BF 5; 2, BF 6; 7, BF 7; 6, BF 8; 1, BF 10; 
5, BF 11; 3, BF 12; 3, BF 14; 3, BF 15; 2, 
BF 16; 1, BF 17; 1, BF 19; 11, BF 20. Tonga: 
2 specimens from BT 1; 4, BT 2; 27, BT 4; 
13, BT 5; 7, BT 8; 4, BT 9; 2, BT 10; 20, 
BT 11; 45, BT 12; 2, BT 13; 1, BT 16. 
Samoa: 13 specimens from BAS 1; 40, BAS 
2; 3, BAS 3; 37, BAS 6; 24, BAS 7; 3, BAS 
8; 16, BAS 9; 10, BAS 10; 21, BAS 11; 33, 
BAS 12; 54, BAS 13; 28, BAS 14; 27, BBS 1; 
68, BBS 2; 23, BBS 3; 25, BBS 5; 1, BBS 
2, BBS 6; 9, BBS 7; 17, BBS 8; 22, BBS 10; 
2, BBS 11; 1, BP 3; 3, BP 1; 2, BP 4; 5, BP 
5; 8, BP 6; 12, BP 8; 1, BP 9; 9, BP 10; 6, 
BP 11; 6, BP 12; 11, BP 13; 15, BP 14. 
Alpheus hippo thoe de Man 
Alpheus hippothoe de Man, 1888^. Linn. 
Soc. London, Journ. 22:268, pi. 17, fig. 1-5. 
