i5 
Embryo of Cephalotaxtis dntpacea. 
chromatin of the sex-nuclei. The male chromatin is very finely and uni- 
formly granular, while that of the female consists of much larger granules 
arranged on a network of linin. 
In the difference in size of the sex-nuclei at the time of fusion, Cephalo- 
taxus resembles the conditions described by Blackman (’98) and others for 
Pinus and the Abietineae in general, but differs from those found in Sequoia 
and Cryptomeria (Lawson, ’04), where the male nucleus enlarges almost to 
the size of the female before actual fusion takes place. 
The early stages in the formation of the first segmentation-spindle were 
not found. It seemed perfectly clear, however, that very little time elapses 
between the fusion of the chromatin masses and the organization of the first 
spindle. According to Blackman (’98), Chamberlain (’99), and Ferguson (’01), 
no resting fertilized nucleus is formed in Pinus. If such a nucleus is formed 
in Cephalotaxns , its resting period is a very short one. I was unable to 
identify the male and female chromatin after the stage shown in Fig. 33 , 
but the first segmentation-spindle was frequently met with. 
According to Coker (’03), the fusion of the male and female nuclei 
takes place at the base of the archegonium in Taxodium. Jager (’99) 
reports a similar condition for Taxas. As shown in Fig. 34 , this cannot be 
true in Cephalotaxns , for the first cleavage-spindle is always formed in the 
identical place where the fusion of the nuclei occurred — that is, in the 
middle region of the archegonium. The first cleavage-spindle, more highly 
magnified, is shown in Fig. 35 . Here the chromosomes are at the equator, 
and are very long bodies, extending almost to the poles of the spindle. 
A repeated counting of the chromosomes convinces me that these are 
twenty in number in the sporophyte, which is twice the number found in 
the gametophyte. 
The Embryo. 
Upon the fusion of the sperm-nucleus with that of the egg, the 
embryonal sporophyte begins its existence. The first cleavage-spindle is 
immediately organized and its formation takes place within the area 
occupied by the fusion-nucleus, and, as stated above, this fusion occurs in 
the middle region of the archegonium. The position of the first spindle is 
shown in Fig. 34 . Its axis is not parallel to the long axis of the 
archegonium and may even lie at right angles to the latter. The dense 
granular cytoplasm brought in by the sperm-nuclei may be distinguished 
until after the first division, and forms a complete zone about the spindle. 
The result of the first division of the fusion-nucleus is shown in Fig. 36 . 
There are two free nuclei formed. When first organized they are some 
distance apart, but very soon approach each other and become enveloped 
in a common dense sheath of starch and other granular substances. As 
they lie very close together they might easily be mistaken for the sex- 
