2 1 2 Wigglesworth . — The young Sporophytes of 
Mr. Jones also gives a short account of the structure of the stem of the 
‘seedling’ of L. clavatum, and young plants derived from the bulbils of 
L. Sclago and L. serratum . The structure of the roots was not worked out 
in any detail. 
References to the anatomy of the young sporophyte of Lycopodium 
have been made previous to those of Jones. As early as 1873 Fankhauser 1 
examined young sporophytes of L. annotinum , and found that the primary 
vascular strand sent off a short branch to the foot, but he apparently did 
not trace the changes in the stele throughout the plantlet. The most 
complete account of the morphology and anatomy of the young sporophyte 
is that given by Bruchmann 2 in his paper ‘ Uber die Prothallien und die 
Keimpflanzen mehrerer europaischer Lycopodien, &c.’ He describes the 
development of the embryo, and some important points in the structure of 
the young sporophytes of L . clavatum , giving a brief description of the root 
and the stem. He figures a transverse section of the stem of a young plant, 
showing a tetrarch arrangement of xylem and the origin of a rootlet. Other 
forms, such as Z. complanaLtm and Selago , are dealt with, but not in such 
detail with regard to their anatomy. A brief description is given of 
L. complancitmn , and a series of beautiful figures showing the external 
structure and attachment to the prothallus. He also describes the 
formation of pseudo- adventitious buds in this form, and enters fully into 
the branching of the roots. 
The material for this investigation was obtained from Dr. Bruchmann, 
who had very kindly sent a series of prothallia and sporophytes, for the 
Manchester Museum, to Professor Weiss, and it was thought that it might 
serve a useful purpose to make a detailed examination of some of the 
duplicate material. 
Two sporophytes of Z. complanatum were examined, one still attached 
to the prothallus, about 3-1 cms. long ; the other considerably older — about 
9 cms. long (PI. XXII, Figs. 1 and 2). Two sporophytes of Z. clavatum , at 
about the same stages of development, were also examined for comparison 
with those of Z. complanaUnn. 
I. External Features. 
The younger plantlet of Z. complanatum (Fig. 1) had evidently not 
appeared above the surface of the ground. The short stem and first root 
are seen emerging from the upper side of the top-shaped prothallus, bent 
approximately at right angles to one another, and both considerably curved. 
The root has branched three or four times, but the stem is unbranched, and 
bears a number of small scale- like leaves, spirally arranged and at varying 
distances from one another. 
1 Fankhauser, Botanische Zeitung, Jan., 1873, p. 1. 
2 Bruchmann, Uber die Prothallien und die Keimpflanzen mehrerer europaischer Lycopodien, 
&c., 1898. 
