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PACIFIC SCIENCE, Vol. XXI, January 1967 
31. Vines Dio scored 
31. Not vines 
32. leaves palmately then pinnately divided; flowers on tall leafless scapes, in clusters bearing 
also long threadlike pendent filaments; tuberous Tacca 
32. Leaves not divided; leaves heart-shaped, with rounded or pointed (then arrow-shaped) lobes 
33. Large herbs with pointed (arrow-shaped) lobes Cyrtosperma 
33. Small or large herbs with rounded lobes 
34. Smaller plants, rarely over 3 or 4 ft tall, leaves pale or glaucous Colocasia 
3 4. Larger plants with dark leaves Alocasia 
30. Leaves with parallel veins 
36. Terrestrial plants 
37. Giant herbs with oblong leaves 3-6 ft long, often 1 ft broad, later splitting into segments to 
the midrib; parallel veins perpendicular to midrib (bananas) Musa 
37. Smaller herbs with parallel longitudinal veins 
38. Tall herbs with leaves arranged alternately along the erect stems Alpin'ta 
38. Leaves basal from a short usually underground corm or bulb 
39. Leaves stiff and pointed, spiny; compound fruit with a crown of leaflike bracts . . Ananas 
39. Leaves otherwise; fruit not as above 
40. Large herbs (leaves to several ft long); flowers white 
41. Flowers with a corona Hymenocallis 
41. Flowers without corona Crinum 
40. Small herbs (leaves seldom to 1 ft long) with pink flowers Zephyranthes rosea 
36. Epiphytes with short, somewhat leathery leaves; alternating on the stem Dendrobium sp. 
1. Dicotyledons (seed with 2 cotyledons; leaves usually with reticulate venation; taproot often present; woody species 
often with "solid,” cambium-formed, annularly incremented wood; flowers often in 4’s or 5’s or multiples thereof) 
42. Leafless, often orange-stemmed parasitic vines Cassytha 
42. Not as above 
43. Leaves compound, divided into fully distinct leaflets 
44. Leaves with 3 leaflets (in Derris trifoliata leaves of both 3 and 5 leaflets found) 
45. Trees or shrubs 
46. Leaflets with slightly toothed edges; fruit a round berry Allop by lus 
46. Leaflets entire, smooth edged; fruit a short flat segmented pod Desmodtum 
45. Vines or herbs 
47. Flowers yellow Vigna marina 
47. Flowers pink or white 
48. Flowers rosy pink, the banner petal with a white splotch; pod somewhat inflated; leaflets al- 
ways 3, broadly ovate Canavalia maritima 
48. Flowers pale pink to white; pod very flat; leaflets sometimes 3, sometimes 5 . . Derris trifoliata 
44. Leaves with more than 3 leaflets 
49. Erect shrubs, or herbs 
50. Leaves 1-pinnate 
51. Flowers papilionate, 2 petals joined to form a keel, 2 petals as lateral wings, 1 as a banner; 
fruit an inflated pod Crotalaria 
51. Flowers mimosoid, not as above; fruit thick but not inflated Cassia 
50. Leaves bi- or tripinnate Polyscias fruticosa 
49. Vines or creepers 
52. Leaflets usually 5 or 7 per leaf, more than 1 inch long; plants seldom climbing . . Derris elliptica 
52. Leaflets more numerous but smaller; high climbers; seed small, red, with black spot Abrus precatorius 
43. Leaves simple or merely lobed or parted, not divided into distinct leaflets 
53. Leaves markedly lobed (not merely toothed) 
54. Trees, giant softwooded herbs, or herbs, with thick milky latex 
55. Herbs; upper leaves with basal red patches Euphorbia heterophylla 
55. Trees or tree-like herbs 
56. Leaves pinnately lobed (lobing quite variable, some trees with nearly entire leaves) Artocarpus 
56. Leaves palmately parted Carica papaya 
54. Vines or herbs; sap not milky 
57. Climbing vines 
58. Leaves mostly 3-lobed; flowers large, rotate, with an ornately laciniate calyx, not tubular 
Pas si flora foetid a 
58. Leaves 3- or mostly 5-parted; flowers tubular, trumpetlike; calyx not laciniate Ipomoea digitata 
57. Herbs or prostrate creepers (sometimes slightly woody) 
59. Prostrate creepers; fruit a burr Triumfetta procumbens 
59. Erect (somewhat woody) herbs 
60. Fruit a burr; leaves mostly 3-lobed Triumfetta semitriloba 
60. Fruit a hairy capsule; leaves mostly 5-lobed Abelmoschus moschatus 
53. Leaves not at all lobed, sometimes toothed 
61. Trees or large notably woody shrubs 
62. Sap milky white, or noticeably yellowish latex 
63. Sap yellowish; leaves with numerous curved parallel lateral veins; fruit a hard woody sphere 
of golfball size Calophyllum inophyllum 
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