214 
PACIFIC SCIENCE, Vol. XXI, April 1967 
rounded by small spherical gland cells. The 
vaginal duct is narrow and runs backward 
dorsally along the median line parallel to the 
vas deferens and opens into the vitelline 
ampulla, independently of the vitelline duct 
(Fig. 6). 
relationships of Engraulicola micropharyn- 
gella SP. nov .: 2 
1. Engraulicola is characterized by the gen- 
eral shape of the body, which resembles a 
"treed” riding boot, the handle of the boot 
tree being represented by the slender neck, the 
main clamp row the sole of the boot (with the 
metahaptor as the heel), and with the single 
clamp of the inhibited row suggesting the toe 
cap of the boot. In other genera a toelike 
projection is not developed. 
1. In E. forcepopenis George, 1961 the foot 
and toe are nearly at right angles to the 
body proper and the testes scarcely enter 
the foot, the zone of pivoting being 
behind the testis zone. In E. micropharyn- 
gella sp. nov. the foot is more tapered 
to the toe and is only 45°-60° to the 
body axis, and anteriorly a few single- 
file testes enter the foot and are included 
in the zone of pivoting. The heel is a 
little thicker, but no haptoral wing with 
special gut branches is developed. 
ii. The haptor is less than 50% of the axial 
length in the genotype, but only about 
35% in the new species. 
2. In the three larger individuals of E. force- 
popenis bearing shelled eggs, the haptoral 
fringe had 44, 39, and 33 clamps, and the two 
smaller individuals (total length 1.3— 1.5 mm) 
had only 21 and 25 clamps. In the unbroken 
specimen of E. micropharyngella (1.3 mm 
long), there were 27 clamps; the broken in- 
dividuals (1.4— 1.8 mm long) had 28, 29, and 
32 clamps. In all individuals of both species 
there is a single clamp on the toe cap. 
i. The clamp is wider than long in the 
former species (length/width == 55- 
60%), and in the latter is relatively not 
quite so wide (70%). In both, the soli- 
2 Generic characters are indicated by Arabic nu- 
merals, specific characters by small Roman numerals. 
tary clamp is nearly as long as wide, but 
smaller than those of the other side. The 
mean diagonal of the solitary clamp in 
the genotype is 33.2 p (calculated from 
the mean of the square root of the 
product of diameters, yj\ X w), and 
that of the new species is only 18 p, i.e., 
about 54% of the size of the single 
clamp in the genotype. 
ii. The appendix of the dorsal arm of the 
median spring in E. forcepopenis is 
shown as Y-shaped with a short stem. In 
the present one it is V-shaped with a 
minute base only, and the posterior ends 
of the braces are bent back as opposable 
knobs. 
3. Of the two pairs of persistent anchors, 
the anterior is typically sickle-shaped in both; 
in E. forcepopenis the sickle is about half a 
circle and the hook nearly equal, but in E. 
micropharyngella the sickle is only about three- | 
eighths of a circle and the length of the handle 
is only about 75% that of the sickle. The total 
length of the anterior anchors in the former is i 
29 p, and 24 p in the latter. The posterior 
simple, hooked anchors are much smaller in j 
the new species (13.6 p and 8 p, respectively). 
4. The forceps on the penis head are prac- 
tically identical in both form and size, but the | 
collar observed in the genotype, projecting | 
ventrally from the atrium masculinus, has not 
been seen in the present material, where the 
rim of the atrium is a simple flat muscular ring. 
i. In E. forcepopenis, though it is larger, 
there are barely half the number of testic- 
ular follicles that are present in the new 
species. E. micropharyngella has no paro- 
varian follicles, while one or two are 
found in E. forcepopenis. 
ii. The spines of the genital corona of E. 
forcepopenis are invariably 12, but only 
8-10 are present in E. micropharyngella. 
5. While both species have a single median 
vagina with a duct direct to the ootype, in E. 
forcepopenis the vulva is halfway between the 
male genital pore and the vitelline ducts, and 
in E. micropharyngella it is strikingly farther 
forward, lying immediately behind the male 
genital pore. 
