Herpetofauna of Hawaii — Hunsaker and Breese 
425 
Fig. 1. Hemidactylus frenatus. 
areas. H. frenatus has not been collected in 
areas removed from human habitation. In a 
transect which extended from an uninhabited 
area into the city of Kailua, 5 H. garnoti were 
collected in the uninhabited area and only 1 in 
the city proper. Conversely, 40 H. frenatus were 
collected in the city and none in the peripheral 
areas. Very few mourning geckos were found 
to be associated with H. frenatus. In Kuala 
Lumpur, Malaya, H. frenatus is quite common 
in the inhabited areas and L. lugubris is much 
more difficult to collect in the fringe areas. In 
the past, the well-lighted residential areas of 
Honolulu have been occupied by L. lugubris 
and the invasion of this habitat corresponds with 
findings of Church and Lim (1961), who stated 
that in Bandung, Java, H. frenatus preferred 
residential areas which were well-lighted and 
damp. In an area that has been under observa- 
tion for the past few years, the disappearance of 
the fox gecko and the mourning gecko popula- 
tion coincided with the appearance of this spe- 
cies. These large geckos appear to have a home 
range of an area about 12-15 ft in diameter. 
They are highly vocal and a distinctive series of 
five or six call notes can be heard up to 100 ft 
away. Aggressive or painful situations may pro- 
voke a prolonged squeak. This species occurred 
in close association with the stump-toed gecko 
(Per op us mutilatus ). H. frenatus were observed 
in Kailua, in many parts of Honolulu, around 
the International Airport, and in the wharf 
area. Four individuals of this species were col- 
lected only in the harbor areas of Kahului on 
Maui, while H. garnoti and L. lugubris were 
collected in other sections of the city. This dis- 
tribution indicates that H. frenatus has arrived 
only recently on Maui. None of these lizards 
has been collected on any other island. This is 
a large species; the largest individual collected 
was a male 58 mm in snout-vent length. 
The current distribution of H. frenatus indi- 
