The Family Olividae — Burch and Burch 
513 
of the opinion that O. atalina is a distinct 
species. We share his opinion because, despite 
the resemblance of the pattern of O. atalina and 
O . caerulea, the background of the aperture is 
always white in the first and purple in the 
second. 
Oliva ti grina Lamarck 1811. Ann. Mus. Hist. 
Nat. 16:322. 
This species is based on Figure 475 of 
Martini (1773), which represents a shell 
swollen about the top, with a short spire on 
which the pattern is composed of numerous 
greenish-gray punctations, and with a few 
groups of short brown lines. The band is 
ornamented with black spots, but most speci- 
mens are destitute of lines and black spots on 
the band, and the background is tawny gray 
instead of white. 
Meuschen (1787:370) created a Cylindrus 
tigrinum. This work has been declared invalid 
but, in any event, Meuschen supported his 
species by three figures representing olives, of 
which none is determinable. The name has no 
meaning. 
Marrat (1871) replaced O. ti grina Lamarck 
with O. holos erica Martini, a substitution which 
cannot be accepted since the nomenclature used 
in the first volume of the Conchylien Cabinet is 
only occasionally binomial. Furthermore, in the 
present case, the words Cylinder holosericus are 
used as part of a descriptive phrase. Finally, 
Martini’s species is based on four figures of 
which only one (Fig. 475) concerns the species 
in question. 
According to Ducros (1857), who examined 
the type of Duclos, O. othonia Duclos 1844 is a 
young specimen of O. ti grina Lamarck. 
It is impossible to identify in a satisfactory 
manner O. glandiformis Lamarck 1811. For 
some authors, this is a variety of O. ti grina. 
The description is quite insufficient, and is 
accompanied by no reference. 
The variety associated by Lamarck, girol 
Adanson 1757, is an entirely different species 
and already has been named O. flammulata by 
Lamarck himself. 
We mention one of the named color forms 
frequently used by authors. 
fallax Johnson 1910. Nautilus 2 4:64. 
In this form the bands are suffused and cover 
the entire shell. We noted Johnson’s type in the 
Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. 
It is the common all-black color form. It may 
be mentioned that this form is often confused 
with the black form of O. vidua (Roding), but 
the shell is much less cylindrical in outline, and 
the sutural callus is less elevated. 
Oliva elegans Lamarck 1811. Ann. Mus. Hist. 
Nat. 16:312. 
The shell is olive or brownish yellow closely 
covered with zigzag lines or punctations or 
both, varying from chocolate to nearly black. 
The fasciole is salmon-colored. This species 
seems to be confusing to many, with other 
species being assigned to it in error. It is 
separable from O. ti grina Lamarck 1811 and 
O. tricolor Lamarck 1811 by the shorter and 
more tumid growth, and the erect callous pro- 
duction of the last whorl upon the spire, which 
is proportionally depressed. Although this 
species is smaller, it has the more cylindrical 
form and elevated sutural callus of O. vidua 
(Roding 1798). Light-colored specimens with 
the bright salmon-colored fasciole resemble in 
a general way O. reticulata (Roding 1798). It 
also has a range in color similar to that of the 
latter species, and lacks the dark fulvous and 
melanic forms of O. vidua (Roding). Small 
dark specimens are often very close to specimens 
referable to O. funebralis Lamarck 1811. This 
species is common, with a wide distribution 
throughout the Indo-Pacific. 
Oliva lecoquiana Ducros 1857. Revue Critique, 
p. 43, pk 2, figs. a-c. 
The shell is banded with chocolate-colored 
triangular markings, as in O. elegans Lamarck 
1811. The fasciole is stained with saffron. The 
form is somewhat more bulbous, and the 
interior of the aperture is violaceous. 
O. similis Marrat 1867 is a minor form of 
O. lecoquiana. O. calosoma Marrat 1871 (not 
Duclos 1835) is a small form. 
We have specimens that fit the description of 
O. lecoquiana from Madagascar, Fiji Islands, 
and other localities. 
