The Family Olividae — Burch and Burch 
from Ceylon, and 104736 from New Guinea; 
Am. Mus. Natl. Hist. no. 48428 from Singa- 
pore. The specimens are white or cream in color, 
the pattern is somewhat as in O. scripta 
Lamarck, the size about 32 mm. All seem to be 
more cylindrical than O. bulbijormis. All have 
a violaceous aperture. 
Oliva laevis Marrat 1871. Thes. Conchyl. p. 4, 
pi. 20, figs. 330-331. 
Tomlin (1953) states that the holotype only 
is in the Liverpool Museum. It is from the Sey- 
chelles, 18 mm X 7 mm. A very young shell of 
O. similis Marrat (spelled laevis on page 26, 
laeve on caption to plate). Weinkauff (1878) 
thought it to be a juvenile O. elegans or O. 
tigrina. The confusion here is apparent. 
Oliva caroliniana Duclos 1835. Monogr. Oliva, 
pi. 19, figs. 5, 8. 
This species is close to O. mustellina Lamarck 
1811. The shells are more bulbous and the spire 
more exserted. Weinkauff (1878) and Marrat 
(1871) accepted the species. Sets so labelled in 
the major collections are of interest. Acad. Nat. 
Sci. Philadelphia, no. 15855 from Singapore, 
and set no. 104782 from Mauritius are the same. 
Oliva mustellina Lamarck 1811. Ann. Mus. 
Hist. Nat. 16:316. 
The shell is cylindrical, the aperture long and 
narrow, the spire short. The color is a pale 
yellow covered with light chestnut figurations. 
The interior of the aperture is a deep violet. 
Many specimens in the large museum collections 
seem to be assigned to this species in error. It 
is surprising to note so many assigned to the 
quite different O. elegans Lamarck. Variation 
in one biological entity or grouping of several 
related species are possibilities to consider in 
this as well as other species in this family. 
Specimens from Japan, China, Singapore, India, 
and the Philippines seem to be typical. We place 
the following species tentatively in the 
synonymy. 
Oliva pacifica Marrat 1871. Thes. Conchyl., 
p.15, pi. 11, fig. 151. Some authors have 
accepted O. pacifica as valid. Weinkauff (1878) 
accepted the species and placed O. arctata 
515 
Marrat in the synonymy. Shell labelled from 
China. 
Oliva arctata Marrat 1871. Thes. Conchyl., 
sp. 99, p. 20, figs. 229, 230. The holotype only 
is in the Liverpool Museum, labelled China Sea, 
25 mm X 10 mm - Tomlin (1953) stated that 
this is obviously the young of O. pacifica 
Marrat. 
Oliva ponder os a Duclos 1835. Monogr. Oliva, 
pi. 15, figs. 8, 9. 
The shell is cream-white, slightly colored 
with obscure bluish or violet short interrupted 
streaks, and a few brown reticulations. The 
columella and interior of the aperture is car- 
nelian-white, sometimes tinged with flesh-pink. 
The shell is thick and stout, with the spire but 
little exserted. The last whorl is more or less 
produced toward the apex. Long sets from 
Mauritius, Seychelles, Maidive Islands, and 
other localities of the Indian Ocean produce 
shells with both white and light-salmon aper- 
tures. The high callosity above the suture 
becomes less pronounced in the more juvenile 
specimens. The pronounced growth of the last 
whorl in all adults of this form, and the consis- 
tently more obese shape leads us to admit the 
species. Other species are considered distinct on 
grounds much less apparent. 
The species was well illustrated by Reeve 
(1850), Weinkauff (1878), and Marrat 
(1871). 
Oliva rufula Duclos 1835. Monogr. Oliva, pi. 
19, figs. 9, 10. 
The shell is fawn colored, crossed diagonally 
or transversely by dark-chestnut bands formed 
by the coalescence of trigonal markings. The 
aperture is white. 
This species seems to maintain both form and 
pattern consistently, showing no noticeable 
variations. It is distinctive and easily recognized. 
This is a fairly scarce shell. Most specimens 
come from the Philippines. 
Oliva scripta Lamarck 1811. Ann. Mus. Hist. 
Nat. 16:315. 
The shell is yellowish brown with pale 
chestnut zigzag markings, and two bands of 
