28 
S A GINA 
overlapping. Stamens n + n. Capsule from a little longer than the calyx to almost twice this 
length, with sepals erect or more rarely spreading in fruit. Seeds minutely punctate. 
S. saginoides may be distinguished from .S'. procumbens by its rather more robust habit, its rather longer leaves which 
are scarcely mucronate, its usually longer pedicels, its fewer pedicels to each flowering branch, its usually erect or suberect 
fruiting sepals, its more frequently pentamerous flowers, its larger and more conspicuous petals, its larger capsules, and by its 
much greater abundance in sub-Alpine and Alpine habitats. From A. subulata it is known by its being glabrous and 
eglandular, by the absence of the marked mucronation of the apex of the leaves, and by the smaller flowers and capsules. 
{a) S. saginoides var. macrocarpa Moss in Journ. Bot. lii, 60 (1914); Spergella macrocarpa Reichenbach 
Icon, v, 26, fig. 4963 b (1841); Sagina macrocarpa Maly Enum. PI. Austr. 293 (1848); 5 . saxatilis var. macrocarpa 
Hausmann FI. Tirol. 133 (1854); A. linnaei var. macrocarpa Beck FI. Nied.-Ost. 358 (1890). 
leones: — Smith Eng. Bot. t. 2105, as Spergula saginoides ; FI. Dan. t. 1577, as Spergula saginoides ; Svensk 
Bot. t. 765, as Spergula saginoides ; Reichenbach Icon, v, t. 202, fig. 4963 b, as Spergella macrocarpa. 
Camb. Brit. FI. iii. Plate 25. (a) Whole plant, (b) Flower (enlarged), (c) Ovary (enlarged), (d) Capsules. 
( e ) Capsules (enlarged). Perthshire (E. S. M.). 
Exsiccata : — Billot, 1423 (partim), as Sagina linnaei\ Fellman, 42, as Arenaria bifiora (corrected later to 
S', saxatilis')-, Fries, ix, 40, as S. saxatilis. 
Rather more robust than var. typica. Pedicels rather stouter. Sepals broader. Petals narrower. 
Capsules longer, about i’3 — 1 - 9 times as long as the calyx. 
This appears to be the commoner form of the species throughout its whole area of distribution. 
(b) S. saginoides var. typica Moss loc. cit.) Spergella saginoides Reichenbach Icon, v, 26, fig. 4962 (1841)!; 
S. linnaei var. typica Beck FI. Nied.-Ost. 358 (1890); x S. norman- 
niana Lagerheim in Kgl. Norske Vidensk. Selsk. Skr. for 1898, no. 1, 4 
(1898); S. glabra var. scotica Druce in New Phyt. 325 (191 1) !, descr. 
emend.; S. scotica Druce in Bot. Exch. Club Brit, for / p/ 1, 14(1912)!; 
S. procumbens x saginoides Ostenfeld in New Phyt. 117 (1912)!, Pexcl. 
syn. Briigger ; Lindman in Bot. Notiser 267, fig. 1 b et fig. 2 b — g et 
fig. 3 b et fig. 4 c — e (1913)!, ?excl. syn. Briigger. 
leones : — Reichenbach Icon, v, t. 202, fig. 4962, as Spergella 
saginoides. 
Camb. Brit. FI. iii. Plate 26. (a) Portion of plant, (b) Leaf (en- 
larged). (c) Flowers (enlarged), (d) Petal (enlarged), (e) Ovaries 
(enlarged). (/) Capsules, (g) Capsules (enlarged). Perthshire (C. E. M.). 
Exsiccata: — Billot, 1423 (partim), as .S', linnaei ; Reichenbach, 
1095, as Spergella saginoides ; Schultz et Winter, 21, as S. linnaei. 
Less robust and more straggling than var. macrocarpa. 
Barren rosettes more numerous, with shorter leaves (up to 
about 1 ‘8 cm. in length). Pedicels more slender. Flowers more 
frequently tetramerous. Sepals narrower, erect or spreading in 
fruit. Petals actually smaller, but larger relatively to the size 
of the sepals. Capsules shorter, about ri — 1*3 times as long 
as the calyx. 
This variety appears to have been first definitely noticed as a British 
plant by the members of the International Phytogeographical Excursion, on 
Ben Lawers, Perthshire, in August, 1911; and it has since been the subject of considerable discussion. Ostenfeld (loc. cit.) 
and Lindman (loc. cit.) regard the plant as a hybrid of S. procumbens and 5 . saginoides. However we find no real evidence 
to support this hypothesis ; and against the supposition it has to be remembered that the plant is very uniform in its characters 
over a very wide area of distribution, and that (in this country, at least) it often exists apart from the alleged parents. There 
is no evidence that its pollen or ovules are abortive, or that any factorial segregation occurs. No doubt the plant is distinct 
from var. macrocarpa ; but its distinctive characters are too slight and elusive to permit of our regarding it as a species. 
The variety is very widely distributed. 
In Alpine situations, especially by stream-sides, springs, and swamps, more rarely on sub- 
Alpine grassland ; from Argyllshire, Perthshire, and Forfarshire northwards to Zetland ; unknown 
in England, Wales, and Ireland. 
Map 11. S. saginoides is known to occur in the 
counties which are shaded 
Iceland, Scandinavia, mountains of central Europe (Germany, France, Switzerland (ascending 
to 2550m.), Austria-Hungary), northern and Arctic Russia, mountains of southern Europe; Asia; 
North America (including Greenland). 
