92 
DIANTHUS 
Rare and very local, Somerset ; on grassy ledges of rocks of Carboniferous Limestone on the 
Mendip Hills, near Cheddar and in two other stations, where the plant grows among indigenous 
vegetation ; introduced on the St Vincent Rocks, near Bristol, and in a quarry, near Cannington ; 
commonly planted on old village-walls at the foot of the central and western Mendips, and to a 
less extent in other parts of the county. 
Belgium (on sandstone as well as limestone), central and eastern France, southern and eastern 
Germany (including north-eastern), central Europe (ascending to 1800 m. in Switzerland), northern Italy. 
4. fDIANTHUS GALLICUS. Plate 89 
Dianthus gallicus Persoon Syn. i, 495 (1805); Rouy Ft. France iii, 180 (1898); Williams in Journ. 
Bot. xxxvi, 493 (1898). 
leones : — DC. Icon. Gall. Rar. t. 41, as D. arenarius. 
Camb. Brit. FI. iii. Plate 89. (a, b, c) Fertile branches. ( d , e, f) Petals. (S. G., Jersey.) 
Exsiccata : — Billot, 936 ; Lange, 360. 
Perennial. Shoot more or less glaucous ; flowering branches 1 — 3 dm. high. Stem-leaves linear, 
ciliolate, acute, about 3 cm. long. Inflorescence with 1 — 3 flowers. Flowers usually solitary, odorous, 
about 3 cm. in diameter; July and August. Epicalyx with 4 rather loose segments, obovate and 
mucronate, about a quarter as long as the calyx. Calyx rather strongly veined. Petals rose or 
white, almost contiguous, somewhat fimbriate. Seeds punctate. 
Very rare, a single rather large patch on fixed dunes in St Ouen’s Bay, Jersey. 
Western France, north-western Spain, Portugal. 
5. * DIANTHUS PLUMARIUS. Wild Pink. Plate 90 
Dianthus plumarius L. Sp. PI. 41 1 (1753)!; Leighton FI. Shropshire 188 (1841); Babington Man. 40 
(1843); Syme Eng. Bot. ii, 50 (1864). 
leones: — Babington in Eng. Bot. Suppl. t. 2979; Reichenbach Icon. t. 257, fig. 5029 et fig. 5030. 
Camb. Brit. FI. iii. Plate 90. (a) Portion of plant with barren and flowering branches. ( b , c ) Flowering 
branches, (d) Portion of leaf (enlarged). ( e ) Petal. (/) Ovary. Hort., origin Carnarvonshire. (S. H. B.) 
Exsiccata: — Billot, 3534; Schultz {Herb. Norm.), ix, 828, et ix, 828 bis. 
Perennial. Shoot somewhat glaucous, caespitose. Stem-leaves connate, linear, margins minutely 
scabriusculous, acute, about 2 — 4 cm. long and o - 3 — o - 4 broad, longer than those of the barren 
shoots. Inflorescence with 1- — 3 flowers. Epicalyx appressed, with 4 segments, about a third as 
long as the calyx-tube; segments cuspidate. Flowers about 3 cm. in diameter; June and July. 
Gynophore distinct. Petals pale rose-pink, with darker veins, scarcely contiguous, apex fimbriate with 
deep narrow irregular and acuminate teeth. Stamens longer than the corolla-tube, filaments white, 
anthers slate-coloured, basal glands yellow. Stigmas white, longer than the ovary. Seeds flat, orbi- 
cular, with a point on one side. 
Not indigenous ; naturalised on old walls in Surrey, Kent, Essex, Shropshire, Carnarvonshire. 
Central Europe, central and southern Russia. Not indigenous in western Europe. 
6. *DIANTHUS CARYOPHYLLUS. Clove Pink or Wild Carnation. Plate 91 
Caryophyllus simplex flore minore pallide nebente Ray Syn. ed. 3, 336 (1724). 
Dianthus caryophyllus L. Sp. PI. 410 (1753)! ; Smith in Trans. Linn. Soc. ii, 299 (1794); Eng. Bot. no. 
214 (1794)!; Ft. Brit. 461 (1800); Syme Eng. Bot. ii, 49(1864); Rouy et Foucaud Ft. France iii, 192(1896). 
leones: — Smith E?ig. Bot. t. 214; Baxter, ii, 81; Reichenbach Icon. t. 268, fig. 5051. 
Camb. Brit. Ft. iii. Plate 91. (a) Barren shoot. (b, c) P'lowering branches, (d) Petal. ( e ) Ovary. 
Kent (G. B.). 
Exsiccata : — Billot, 726 ; Reichenbach, 2294. 
Perennial. Shoot tufted, rather glaucous, glabrous, up to 8 dm. high. Leaves lanceolate to 
broadly linear, connate, margins smooth, acute, up to about 5 cm. long and 4 mm. broad. Inflorescence 
with 1 — 6 flowers. Flowers about 3*0— 3^5 cm. in diameter, odorous; late June to August. Epicalyx 
