FUMARIA 
183 
Like var. gracilis , this var. britannica approaches the subsp. sonderi, from which it may be distinguished by its less 
slender habit, broader leaf-segments, more deeply cut sepals, and broader upper petal, as well as by its fruit which is not 
only very obtuse and faintly rugulose but appreciably more obovate and more broadly necked. 
Widely distributed from the Channel Isles (where it exists as a distinct form) northwards to Lancashire ; 
co. Cork and co. Clare. Unknown elsewhere. 
(iii*?) F. muralis subsp. boraei var. longibracteata Pugsley in Moss Camb. Brit. FI. iii, 183 ; F. muralis subsp. 
boraei var. britannica subvar. longibracteata Pugsley Fum. Brit. 27 (1912). 
Exsiccata : — Herb. Pugsley, 227. 
Shoot lax and slender, often climbing. Leaf-segments rather broad. Racemes normally with 5 — 8 
flowers, shorter than the peduncles. Fruiting pedicels shorter than the bracts, stout, straight, erect- 
spreading. Sepals' acuminate, 3'o — 4*5 mm. long and about 2^5 broad. Corolla about 10 mm. long. 
Fruit subrotund-obovate as in var. britannica. 
This variety is notable for its very short and few-flowered racemes, and for its bracts constantly exceeding the short 
pedicels. It is locally abundant along the coast of North Wales. 
The subsp. boraei is a beautiful plant when well grdwn, and is by far the commonest of the large-flowered fumitories in 
the British Isles. It flourishes in all kinds of cultivated ground and on walls and hedgebanks, and is sometimes so abundant 
as to colour whole fields with the rosy hue of the flowers. 
The subsp. boraei extends from the Channel Isles, Cornwall and Kent northward to Orkney ; southern, eastern, 
and northern Ireland. 
Southern Scandinavia, France, and Spain ; very doubtful for the other countries from which it has been recorded. 
F. muralis is locally abundant in England (rare in eastern England), Wales, southern Scotland, 
Perthshire, Sutherlandshire, and Orkney, and Ireland. 
Scandinavia, Germany, France, Spain, Portugal; Atlantic islands; South Africa; Bermuda; 
adventitious in Mauritius, southern India, Java, and New Zealand. 
F. muralis subsp. boraei x officinalis Pugsley in Moss Camb. Brit. FI. iii, 183; x F. painteri 1 Pugsley Fum. 
Brit. 29 (1912). 
Exsiccata : — Herb. Pugsley, 234. 
Shoot robust, rampant. Leaf-segments rather narrow, oblong or lanceolate. Racemes lax, with 
about 20 flowers, exceeding the peduncles. Bracts linear-lanceolate, acuminate. Fruiting pedicels a 
little longer than the bracts, usually straight, erect-spreading. Sepals ovate-lanceolate, peltate, dentate 
or laciniate towards the base, acuminate, 3^0 — 3^5 mm. long and 1*5 broad. Corolla pale pink, the tip 
of the inner petals and the wings of the upper one blackish-red, 10 — 11 mm. long; upper petal dorsally 
compressed, obtuse, with a spathulate dilation of the wings ; wings reflexed upwards, exceeding the 
keel and extending to its abruptly terminated apex ; lower petal with narrow and spreading margins 
dilated towards the apex, subspathulate. Fruit nearly square in profile, truncate or subemarginate, 
with a rather short and persistent apiculus ; when dry, faintly rugulose, with somewhat broad and shallow 
apical pits; of moderate size, 2^5 mm. long and broad. 
This very interesting fumitory, collected in Shropshire by the late Rev. W. H. Painter, is intermediate in character 
between F. muralis subsp. boraei and F. officinalis , and is probably a hybrid of the parentage indicated. Unlike other 
known hybrids of Fumaria , however, it produces fruit; and it is possible that on further investigation it may be found to 
be an established form or even a distinct species. It is unknown elsewhere. 
Subsection ii. Parvi flora 
Parviflora Pugsley in Moss Camb. Brit. FI. iii, 183 ; Officinales Hammar Monogr. 9 (1857) as a “section” ; 
Rouy et Foucaud FI. France i, 177 (1893); Angustisectae Haussknecht in Flora lvi, 404 (1873); Parviflorae 
Pugsley Fumit. Brit. 45 (1912) as a section. 
For characters, see page 171. 
Series of Parviflora 
Series iv. Micranthae (p. 184). Pedicels sometimes much thickened upwards, erect-spreading 
or rarely recurved in fruit. Sepals large, usually broader than the corolla and exceeding one-third 
of its length. Lower petal less distinctly spathulate than in the series Officinales and Eu- Parviflorae. 
Fruit small or of moderate size, subrotund ; when dry, granular-rugose or rugulose. 
Series v. Officinales (p. 185). Pedicels relatively little thickened upwards, erect-spreading in 
fruit. Sepals narrower than the corolla and rarely exceeding one-third of its length. Fruit of 
1 After the Rev. W. H. Painter (1835 — 1910). 
