FUMARIA 
185 
leones : — Babington in Eng. Bot. Suppl. t. 2876. 
Camb. Brit. FI. iii. Plate 188. (a) Fertile branch. ( b ) Inflorescence. ( c ) Flower (enlarged). ( d ) Lower 
petal in profile (enlarged), (e) Lower petal seen from above (enlarged). (/) Sepals (three enlarged), (g) Fresh 
fruit (enlarged), (h) Dried fruits (enlarged). Hertfordshire (E. W. H.). 
Exsiccata : — Heldreich {Herb. Graec.), 1205; Porta et Rigo, 238, as F. densifiora\ Schultz ( H . N.), vii, 
21 1 bis. 
Annual. Stem robust, usually elongate, suberect, diffuse or rarely climbing. Leaves much 
divided, often 4-pinnatisect, slightly glaucous ; lobes of the leaflets linear or linear-oblong, acute or 
mucronate, generally channelled. Racemes very dense when in flower, lengthening and becoming 
lax in fruit, with 20 — 30 flowers, much exceeding the stout and short peduncles. Bracts linear- 
oblong, cuspidate, tinted with pink. Fruiting pedicels normally shorter than the bracts, much dilated 
above, straight, and erect-spreading. Flowers May to September. Sepals orbicular or broadly ovate, 
peltate or subcordate, either subentire or more or less laciniate about the base, mucronate or acute, 
2 ‘5 — 3 '5 mm. long and 2 — 3 broad. Corolla pink, with the wings of the upper petal and the tip 
of the inner ones dark red, 6 — 7 mm. long ; upper petal rather narrow, obtuse or subacute, with 
erect-spreading wings rarely much exceeding the keel though usually reaching its apex ; spur 
ascending, relatively large and rounded ; lower petal subspathulate with spreading margins. Fruit 
subglobose, rounded-obtuse above but distinctly keeled ; when fresh, with a minute apiculus and an 
indistinct neck a little narrower than the tip of the pedicel ; when dry, granular-rugose with obscure 
and shallow apical pits ; of moderate size, 2 - o — 2^5 mm. long and broad. 
(/ 3 ) subvar. dubia Pugsley in Moss Camb. Brit. Ft. iii, 185 ; F. micrantha forma dubia Pugsley Fum. Brit. 
58 (1912). 
leones : — Ft. Dan. t. 2472, as F. micrantha. 
Exsiccata: — Billot, 709, as F. densiftora-, Ridley and Fawcett, anno 1883, in Herb. Mus. Brit. 
Sepals relatively narrow, ovate, more or less laciniate towards the base, acute, 2 - o — 2^5 mm. long 
and ro — 1 - 5 broad. Corolla not exceeding 6 mm. in length. 
Dorset, Wiltshire, Sussex. 
This species was first described and figured by Gerard {loc. cit.) who collected his specimens between Charlton and 
Greenwich in Kent. 
Cornfields and arable land generally ; from Dorset and Kent northwards to Orkney ; characteristic 
of the Chalk districts of southern and eastern England and of the Old Red Sandstone districts of the 
Welsh border and of the east and north of Scotland ; rare in Ireland : absent in the Channel Islands. 
Germany, Belgium, France, southern Europe; northern Africa; south-western Asia. 
Series v. Officinales 
Officinales Haussknecht in Flora lvi, 404 (1873) ; Pugsley Fum. Brit. 45 (1912) as a subsection; Hammar 
Monogr. 9 (1857) as a “section,” partim. 
For characters, see page 183. Only British species: — F. officinalis. 
8. FUMARIA OFFICINALIS. Common Fumitory. Plate 189 
F. purpurea Gerard Herball 927 (1597); F. vulgaris Parkinson Theatr. Bot. 287(1640); Ray Synopsis ed. 3, 
204 (1724). 
Fumaria officinalis L. Sp. PI. 700 (1753); Smith Eng. Bot. no. 589 (1799); FI. Brit. 750 (1800); 
Hammar Mon. 9, t. 1 (1857); Syme Eng. Bot. i, no (1863); Haussknecht in Flora lvi, 404 (1873); Rouy et 
Foucaud FI. France i, 177(1893); Pugsley Fum. Brit. 45 (1912). 
Annual. Stem more or less robust, often much branched, suberect, diffuse or sometimes climbing. 
Leaves glaucescent ; leaflets cut into flat, lanceolate, or linear-oblong, acute or slightly mucronate lobes. 
Racemes dense when young, soon lengthening, often many-flowered, exceeding the short, stout peduncles. 
Bracts linear-lanceolate, acuminate. Fruiting pedicels straight, erect-spreading, longer than the bracts. 
Flowers May to October. Sepals ovate or ovate-lanceolate, scarcely peltate, dentate or laciniate below, 
acuminate or cuspidate, 2 - o — 3^5 mm. long and 1 ’o — 1 ‘5 mm. broad. Corolla purplish-pink, with the wings 
of the upper petal and the tip of the inner petals blackish-red, 6 — 8 (rarely 9) mm. long ; upper petal 
broad, dorsally compressed, obtuse or apiculate, with a spathulate dilation of the erect-spreading wings, 
generally exceeding the keel and extending to its apex ; lower petal distinctly spathulate, with spreading 
margins. Fruit truncate or subemarginate, sometimes with a small apiculus, obscurely keeled, broadest 
m. iii. 24 
