FUMARIA 
1 88 
Bracts linear-lanceolate, acuminate. Fruiting pedicels about a third longer than the bracts, normally 
straight, somewhat dilated above, suberect or erect-spreading. 
Flowers June to September. Sepals lanceolate, laciniate-serrate, 
acuminate, frequently persistent on the young fruit, minute, about 
i mm. long and o'3 — o - 5 broad. Corolla pink, 5 — 6 mm. long ; 
tip of the inner petals dark red ; wings of the upper petal often 
obscurely similarly tinted ; upper petal dorsally compressed, with 
a thick green keel and broad erect-spreading wings almost reaching 
its apex, much developed above, giving an emarginate but apiculate 
outline ; lower petal abruptly truncate-spathulate, margins spread- 
ing. Fruit subrotund, obscurely keeled, sometimes apiculate 
when young, when mature almost equally narrowed above and 
below to a rounded-obtuse apex and a very obscure neck about 
as broad as the tip of the pedicel ; when dry, granular-rugose 
with small and shallow apical pits ; rather small, about 2 mm. 
long and broad. 
(a) F. vaillanti var. sparsifolia Pugsley in Moss Camb. Brit. FI. 
iii, 188 ; F. vaillanti Pugsley Fum. Brit. 69 (1912) excl. var. 
leones: — Reichenbach op. cit., fig. 4452, as F. vaillanti ; Sturm 
Deutschlands Flora i, 62, 15, as F. vaillanti (good, except for the fruits 
which are unusually apiculate). 
Camb. Brit. FI. iii. Plate rpo. (a) Fertile branch, (b) Inflorescence, (c) Flower (enlarged). ( d ) Upper 
petal seen from above (enlarged), (e) Lower petal seen from above (enlarged). (/) Sepals (3 enlarged). 
(g) Fresh fruits (enlarged), (k) Dried fruits (enlarged). Surrey (H. W. P.). 
Exsiccata : — Billot, 215, 215 bis, as F. vaillanti-, Schultz (FI. N.), v, 414, as F. vaillanti ; FI. Exsicc. Cam., 
2871, as F. vaillanti. 
Shoot rather dwarf and normally slender, sometimes very much branched. Leaves usually 
bipinnatisect, petiolules long, leaflets relatively few and distant. Racemes normally with 6 — 12 flowers, 
rather lax. Fruiting pedicels usually short and erect-spreading. Corolla rather dull or purplish-pink, 
generally with dark wings to the upper petal. 
This variety is that form of the species originally described and figured by Vaillant (loc. cit.). It is the common form 
of the species in this country. 
(b) F. vaillanti var. chavini Rouy et Foucaud FI. France i, 181 (1893); Pugsley op. cit. 70 (1912); F. 
chavini Reuter Cat. PI. Vase. Geneve ed. 2, 10 (1861); F. vaillanti Babington in Eng. Bot. Suppl. no. 2877 (1844) 
partim. 
leones : — Babington in Eng. Bot. Suppl. t. 2877 (right-hand figure with the darker flowers), as F. vaillanti. 
Exsiccata : — Billot, 3508, as F. chavini. 
Shoot more robust, less branched, and less glaucous than in var. sparsifolia. Leaves bipinnatisect 
or more often tripinnatisect ; leaflets closer together and more numerous. Racemes with 10 — 16 flowers, 
often rather dense. Fruiting pedicels longer, suberect, and frequently flexuous. Corolla generally light 
pink, with dark tips to the inner petals alone. Fruit slightly larger and more coarsely rugose than in 
var. sparsifolia. 
The occurrence of this plant in England was first detected by Haussknecht (op. cit.) who identified it from Babington’s 
Cambridge specimens in Sonder’s herbarium. Like the majority of continental examples, the British form does not show the 
finely developed corollas which characterise the original specimens of Reuter’s F. chavini from Swiss Alpine and sub-Alpine 
districts. 
Northern Essex and southern Cambridgeshire. 
Arable land on calcareous soils, rarely seen in abundance ; on the Chalk of south-eastern England, 
and in Gloucestershire, North Riding of Yorkshire, and Linlithgowshire; not known in Ireland, Wales, 
or the Channel Islands. 
Throughout Europe except northern Scandinavia and northern Russia; Asia Minor to Turkestan. 
Doubtful for northern Africa. 
