.324 Wager . — On the Structure and 
investigations will tend to bring the structure of the nuclei 
of the lower plants still more into accordance with those in 
the higher plants and animals. All the evidence we have 
of the details of nuclear division in the fungi strongly support 
this conclusion, and it may be useful here to give some short 
account of the observations which have so far been made 
bearing directly on this question. 
Sadebeck (’83) describes nuclear division in the Asci of 
Exoascus as distinctly karyokinetic, and gives figures of nuclei 
in a late stage of division in which the spindle-formation 
is seen. 
Strasburger (’84), in an account of the formation of the 
sporangia in Trichia fallax , describes a nuclear division which 
follows the ordinary karyokinetic method, and in a more 
recent paper (’94) he states that these nuclei each contain 
twelve chromosomes. 
Fisch ( 85), in his paper on the development of Ascomyces, 
gives a description of nuclear division in which he points out 
that at the commencement of the division granules appear 
in the nucleus, that this is immediately followed by the 
spindle-stage, and that in many respects the division resembles 
that which takes place in the higher plants. 
Eidam (’87) describes the division of the nucleus in Basi- 
diobolus Ranarum as indirect, and states that the details of 
the division can be brought into accord with those known 
in the higher plants. 
Hartog (’89 and ’95) regards the division of the nucleus in 
Saprolegnia as essentially a special case of karyokinesis, 
intermediate between direct division and the commoner 
process. According to him the nuclein- mass of the nucleus 
separates into four rods which form the nuclear plate. They 
undergo longitudinal division, so that the plate consists of 
eight rods, and finally these separate into two crescentic 
groups which become the daughter-nuclei. 
In 1889 I was able to show that the division of the nucleus 
in the oogonium of Peronospora showed some details of 
karyokinesis, including the probable appearance of a spindle. 
