Reproduction of Cys topics Candidas, Ldv. 327 
breaking down ; but later than this I have not been able to 
follow the division. The number of nuclei contained in the 
oogonium after division is doubled, 143 and 218 having been 
counted. 
It will be seen that although the general type of nuclear 
division conforms, to a greater or less extent, with that 
observed in the higher plants, there is one body concerned 
about which we are not quite so clear. The centrosphere 
which appears to be generally present both in animal and 
vegetable cells, has not been observed in the Fungi as 
satisfactorily as one would like. Observations have been 
made, however, which lead one to suspect that this is only 
due to the fact that our present methods of investigation 
are not sufficiently perfect to enable us to cope with the 
difficulties of observing structures, which even now cannot 
be observed without much careful manipulation in connexion 
with the very large nuclei to be found in the higher plants. 
It is probable that further investigation with improved 
methods of staining will confirm what has been already 
observed in connexion with the nuclei of the Hymenomycetes 
and Ascomycetes, and will demonstrate centrosomes in con- 
nexion with other nuclei also. With this exception I think 
we can safely say that there now remain only the Bacteria 
and Cyanophyceae in which a normal process of karyokinetic 
division of the nucleus has not been indicated. 
The division which occurs in the oogonia and antheridia of 
Cystopus and Peronospora previously to fertilization is very 
interesting, and does not, so far as I am able to judge at 
present, admit of an explanation. The same phenomenon 
has been described by Eidam (’87) and Chmielewsky (’89) in 
Basidiobolus , one of the Entomophthoraceae, but not so far 
as I am aware in any other Fungus, except Saprolegnia , 
recently described by Trow (’95). In Basidiobolus Ranarum 
the vegetative cells contain only a single nucleus. In order 
to produce a zygospore, two cells lying together in the same 
filament put out a projection on each side of the common 
partition ; the nucleus of each cell passes into the projection 
z 
