Mutinus caninus ( Hvds .), Fr . 357 
such had been the origin of the Phalleae, there ought to have 
been intermediate forms left somewhere on the way, but no 
such form could be found. 
The actual course of development has proved to be very 
different from that presumed. The original medullary bundle 
M does not become the central column R ; but instead merely 
connects the lower end of the latter with the mycelial strand. 
The rudiment of the stipe does not arise from the primitive 
cortical tissue lying next to the medullary bundle M, but 
from a secondary tissue differentiated in the medullary sheaf- 
like head N. Instead of being originally only connected with 
the mycelial strand in a roundabout way through the tissue 
of the central column R, there was originally a more direct 
connexion with the tissue giving rise to the gleba and the 
gelatinous layer G at the lower end of the future stipe — at 
the point m, Figs. 4 and 5. That this primitive condition 
should become lost, and that an apparently secondary con- 
nexion by way of the upper end of the column R through 
anastomosis of hyphae should become of more permanent 
functional importance, is exceedingly interesting, but no more 
surprising than the well-known later developmental change, 
through which the originally free surface of the hymenial 
or glebal structure becomes so firmly adnate to the recepta- 
culum as to permit the gleba to be torn from its tramal 
connexions on the opposite side and carried aloft by the 
elongation of the receptaculum. 
Since the original connexion of the tissue giving rise to the 
gelatinous layer of the volva, to the dense zone i, and to the 
hymenium, was directly connected with the point m, the out- 
line first presented as to how the Phalleae might have arisen 
from the Clathreae becomes plainly contradicted by the facts, 
which show differences so fundamental as to point rather to 
independent origins for these two sub-families. 
Seventh egg . — This egg was about 4 mm. long by 3 mm. in 
transverse diameter. On account of the curvature of the 
parts in the egg, my sections are not median for the full 
length of the receptaculum. The portion of the figure below 
