410 0 s ter hon t.—On the Life- History of 
vegetative cells are as a rule uninucleate, while the older ones 
are multinucleate. The nuclei contain fairly large nucleoli with 
a coarse linin-network, on which the chromatin is arranged in 
coarse, scattered granules. 
The chromatophore in the youngest cells is a plate which 
almost entirely covers the wall on the inside. As the cells 
increase in size, the chromatophore becomes band-shaped, 
with long, irregular serpentine branches, which wander about 
over the inner surface of the cell-wall, and occasionally 
anastomose (Fig. 16). In both kinds of spores the chromato- 
phores are of this character. The cells in the interior of the 
oldest portion of the frond gradually lose all trace of 
chromatophore and become colourless. Starch-grains, which 
turn reddish-brown and finally violet with iodine, are abun- 
dant in the cells in the region of the holdfast, but in other 
parts of the frond they seem to be entirely lacking. 
Antiieridia. 
The antheridia, which have not been hitherto described, 
occur on all parts of the male plants, forming larger or 
smaller patches or even a continuous covering extending 
over considerable portions of the plant. They originate from 
the outermost cells of the cortex, which by oblique divisions 
cut off at the distal end small cells often to the number of 
four or five (Fig. 1 6). Each of these cells then cuts off 
a single small cell by a transverse wall, or two small cells 
by oblique walls. These either become antheridia, or divide 
in the same way, and bear the antheridia in their turn. The 
antheridia are very small elongated cells filled with clear, 
colourless protoplasm, which is sometimes more or less 
granular and vacuolate. They are borne either singly or 
in twos ; in the latter case they stand side by side. The 
escaped antherozoid is a small, slightly elongated, naked mass 
of clear protoplasm. 
