Micronesian Gastropods — Demond 
305 
bearing four darker medium brown transverse 
bands. 
Lives among rocks on both seaward and 
lagoon reef flats, invariably below low tide 
line. 
geographic range: USNM collections are 
from East Africa and the Seychelles eastward 
through the Pacific Ocean to Hawaii and the 
Tuamotus, and from the Ryukyu and Mariana 
islands south to northern Australia and New 
Caledonia. Uncommon in Micronesia. 
Subgenus Callistocypraea Schilder, 1927 
Cypraea ( Callistocypraea ) testudinaria Linne, 
1758. 
Hirase and Taki (1951) pi. 92, fig. 7; Kira 
(1955) pi. 20, fig. 18. 
Characteristically about 4.5 to 6 inches 
long. Elongate, with a light tan dorsum mot- 
tled and dotted with dark brown and covered 
with numerous fine white specks. Base fawn- 
colored. 
Lives on seaward reef flats and on small 
lagoon reefs, invariably below low tide line. 
GEOGRAPHIC range: USNM records are 
from Zanzibar on the east African coast; from 
Mauritius, Ceylon and Cocos-Keeling Atoll 
in the Indian Ocean; and from the Ryukyu, 
Philippine, Caroline, Marshall, Gilbert, Sa- 
moan, and Fiji islands in the Pacific. Un- 
common in Micronesia, and not reported 
from Australia or Hawaii. 
Subgenus Palmadusta Iredale, 1930 
Cypraea ( Palmadusta ) fimbriata Gmelin, 1791. 
Tinker (1952) p. 154, 8 figs, on p. 155; 
Kira (1955) pi. 19, fig. 2. 
Characteristically 0.5 to 0.625 inch long 
with a transverse band of irregular brown 
markings extending medially over a purplish 
gray dorsum and columellar margin onto a 
white base. Extremities brilliant purple both 
dorsally and ventrally. Teeth and interstices 
white. 
Of the recent Micronesian specimens, only 
one was taken alive — from branching coral 
(Stylophora sp.) on the lagoon reef slope off 
Ine Village, Arno Atoll. Locality notes accom- 
panying the Hawaiian specimens of C. fim- 
briata in the U. S. National Museum contain 
the following observation by the collector, 
Ditlev Thaanum: "Among branches of coral, 
live and dead, under rocks, etc. Most frequent 
on rocks covered with a bright orange-yellow 
sponge (?) the color of the animal of [C.\ 
fimbriata. 
geographic range: USNM collections are 
from East Africa and the Gulf of Suez east- 
ward through the Pacific to the Society, Tua- 
motu, and Hawaiian islands, and from 
southern Japan south to New Guinea. Re- 
ported from northern Australia and New 
South Wales. Rare in Micronesia. 
Subgenus Erronea Troschel, 1863 
Cypraea ( Erronea ) caurica Linne, 1758. 
Hirase and Taki (1951) pi. 93, fig. 11. 
Characteristically 1.5 to 2 inches long with 
numerous medium brown specks over a green- 
ish or bluish dorsum, commonly with three 
brownish transverse dorsal bands, produced 
margins and extremities which are whitish 
with dark brown spots, a white base and 
teeth, and light orange interstices. 
Only two specimens in the recent Micro- 
nesian collections were taken alive. Both were 
found under rocks on shallow lagoon reef 
flats. 
GEOGRAPHIC range: USNM collections are 
from East Africa eastward through the Indian 
and Pacific oceans to Fiji and Samoa, and from 
southern Japan south to northern Australia 
and New Caledonia. Uncommon in Micro- 
nesia. Not reported from Hawaii. 
Subgenus Staphylaea Jousseaume, 1884 
Cypraea ( Staphylaea ) nucleus Linne, 1758. 
Tinker (1952) p. 160, 2 figs, on p. 161; 
Morris (1952) p. 182, col. pi. 5, fig. 7; 
Kira (1955) pi. 18, fig. 20. 
Characteristically 0.5 to 0.75 inch long with 
