Micronesian Gastropods — Demond 
311 
Characteristically 1 to 1.25 inches long. 
Lives on both windward and leeward ocean 
reef flats, under rocks and loose coral and in 
tide pools near, or a few feet below, low tide 
line. Also taken on living coral heads ( Pocil - 
lopora sp.) off the seaward reef edge in 10 to 
15 feet of water. 
geographic range: USNM collections are 
from East Africa and Mauritius eastward 
through the Indian and Pacific oceans to the 
Society and Tuamotu islands, and from the 
Ryukyu Islands south to New Guinea and 
New Zealand. Reported from northeastern 
Australia but not from Hawaii. Uncommon 
in Micronesia. 
Genus Morula Schumacher, 1817 
Morula anaxeres (Kiener, 1836). 
Fig. 18. Morula anaxeres (Kiener). Ifaluk Atoll, 
Caroline Islands (USNM 614192). 
Characteristically about one-half inch long 
with prominent white tubercules and a pol- 
ished, dark brown aperture. 
Ordinarily lives under rocks and in rocky 
tide pools of windward ocean reef flats. Also 
found on leeward ocean reefs and on wind- 
ward lagoon reefs. Occurs from the upper 
intertidal zone to just shoreward of the reef 
edge. 
GEOGRAPHIC range: USNM collections are 
from the west coast of India, and the Philip- 
pine, Caroline, and Marshall islands. There is 
one USNM record from Palmyra Atoll but 
none from Hawaii. Reported from the Ryu- 
kyu Islands. Uncommon in Micronesia. Prob- 
ably more widespread and possibly recorded 
as M. uva because of its similarity to that 
common species. 
Morula concatenata (Lamarck, 1822) (syn. fra- 
gum Blainville, 1832). 
Hirase and Taki (1951) pi. 110, fig. 18. 
Characteristically about one inch long and 
yellowish -white with a purple-violet or orange- 
red aperture. 
The recent Micronesian collections contain 
but one specimen, found living on small 
lagoon reefs in about one foot of water at 
Eniwetok. According to earlier USNM collec- 
tion notes, M. concatenata occurs exclusively 
on living coral. 
GEOGRAPHIC range: USNM records are 
from Mauritius eastward through the Indian 
and Pacific oceans to the Hawaiian and So- 
ciety islands, and from the Ryukyu Islands 
south to New Guinea and Fiji. Uncommon in 
Micronesia. 
Morula elata (Blainville, 1832) (syn. spectrum 
Reeve, 1846; ochrostoma Tryon, 1880, not 
Blainville, 1832). 
Characteristically 0.75 to 1 inch long and 
white both exteriorly and within the aperture. 
Lives on small lagoon reefs, on coral in 
channels between reef segments and on sea- 
Fig. 19. Morula elata (Blainville). Kwajalein Atoll, 
Marshall Islands (USNM 486005). 
