364 
PACIFIC SCIENCE, Vol. XI, October, 1957 
Southeastward from Halemaumau, after 
passing the area of the 1924 blocks and com- 
ing onto the ash terrane between the tourist 
parking field and Keanakakoi Crater, there is 
revealed an area marked by numerous circular 
scars. This area, outlined on Figure 2, is 
strewn with blocks, ranging to several feet in 
diameter. It extends across the several linear 
terraces and crack scars leading up to the 
smooth upland southwest of Keanakakoi 
Crater and several hundred feet beyond before 
the blocks and the circular scars come to an 
end. An area of the scars runs north of the 
road, toward the west being practically on the 
level filled by the Kilauea lavas, then they are 
found on the higher level to the east and con- 
tinue to beyond Keanakakoi. The principal 
area is south of the road, running southward 
toward the principal rim bluff, here marked 
by ash. The scars continue beyond the bluff 
however and are found on the upper sandy 
plateau to the southward (Fig. 2). 
The gritty, block-strewn surface carries a 
scanty vegetation, consisting of a few small 
ohia trees ( Metrosideros polymorph a) 6 or 8 feet 
high, scattered shrubs of pukeawe ( Styphelia 
Tameiameiae ), ohelo (V actinium reticulatum ) , 
and kupaoa ( Railliardia sp.), a few small, 
isolated ferns, sedges, and grasses, a native 
Portulaca species, and kukae nene ( Coprosma 
ernodeoides ) . 
