Two New Pelagic Tunicates from the Eastern Pacific Ocean 1 
Leo D. Berner 2 
The species here named Cyclosalpa strongylen- 
teron was first noted in a plankton sample 
taken at station 194 of Scripps Institution of 
Oceanography (SIO) cruise Shellback (SB). 
This species has since been identified from 
seven other Shellback stations and from four 
Marine Life Research (MLR) stations. 
Cyclosalpa pinnata quadriluminis , though not 
previously named, has been described by Ihle 
(1910: 18-19) and Komai (1932: 69-70) as 
an aberrant form. In the MLR area, which 
extends from the Columbia River to the 
southern tip of Baja California and four hun- 
dred miles out to sea, this subspecies has been 
taken in such numbers and so consistently 
that a re-examination of these presumed aber- 
rant individuals is felt necessary. Here for the 
first time it is named and reported in large 
numbers. 
The following material, upon which part of 
the descriptions herein are based, has been 
deposited in the U. S. National Museum: 
1. Cyclosalpa strongylenteron, aggregate genera- 
tion, holotype, 1 specimen U.S.N.M. 
11281. 
2. Cyclosalpa strongylenteron , solitary genera- 
tion (embryo), paratype, 1 specimen 
U.S.N.M. 11282. 
3. Cyclosalpa strongylenteron , aggregate genera- 
tion, paratypes, 10 specimens U.S.N.M. 
11283. 
1 Contribution from Scripps Institution of Oceano- 
graphy, New series No. 762. Manuscript received June 
21, 1954. 
2 Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University 
of California, La Jolla, California. 
4. Cyclosalpa pinnata quadriluminis , aggregate 
generation, holotype, 1 specimen U.S. 
N.M. 11284. 
5. Cyclosalpa pinnata quadriluminis , aggregate 
generation, paratypes, 5 specimens U.S. 
N.M. 11285. 
I wish to express my thanks to Drs. M. W. 
Johnson and C. L. Hubbs for their advice in 
preparing this manuscript and to Dr. Paul 
Friedlander for his assistance in naming the 
animals. 
Cyclosalpa strongylenteron new species 
The aggregate generation of this species 
was first recognized in a sample taken at SIO 
SB station 194, 0° 01.5' S and 99° 08.5' W. 
In a subsequent preliminary survey it was 
found at seven other SB stations and at four 
MLR stations (Fig. 8). Embryos of the soli- 
tary generation have been observed at MLR 
stations 11-120.80 and 35-110.60. The details 
of these individuals were almost completely 
obscured by a granular appearing mantle but 
the stolons were well preserved and the details 
of well-developed aggregate individuals could 
be readily determined. 
Cyclosalpa strongylenteron , aggregate generation 
The aggregate generation of this species 
shows characters quite similar to those of the 
aggregate generation of four other species. 
The musculature resembles that of C. pinnata , 
the major difference being the presence in C. 
strongylenteron of a large dorsal visceral muscle 
and only two sphincters on the lower lip of 
the oral opening. It resembles C. affinis in the 
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