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PACIFIC SCIENCE, Vol. IX, July, 1955 
Fig. 9. Maps of stream courses, 2 by 2.5 miles. 
A, Palolo-Waialae area (Pukele and Waiomao are 
branches of Palolo Stream); B, the Kamananui area. 
CROSS PROFILES OF THE LEEWARD VALLEYS 
The greater degree of dissection of the 
older, southeastern part of the Koolau Range, 
as compared to the younger, northwestern 
part, is shown by cross profiles constructed 
across several adjacent valleys and the inter- 
vening ridges. Two pairs of such cross profiles 
are given: one pair (Fig. 10a) closer to the 
sea, and one pair (Fig. 10b) farther inland. 
The lower profile of each pair is from the 
southeastern part of the range, and the upper 
profile is from the northwestern part. 
The ridges of the southeastern seaward pro- 
file (Palolo to Kalihi, Fig. 6b) show only a 
few small remnants of the original surface as 
built up by superposed lava 'flows, but the 
northwestern profile (Poamoho to Kawailoa) 
is made up mostly of the lava-built surface. 
The southeastern inland profile (Waiomao 
and Pukele to Kalihi) is far more deeply 
incised than the northwestern profile (North 
Fork of Kaukonahua to Kawainui). These 
contrasts in the inland profiles correspond, of 
course, to the contrasts still farther inland, 
namely the contrasts in indentation of the 
Crestline of the range (Fig. 2). 
LENGTHWISE PROFILES OF CRESTS OF 
LEEWARD RIDGES 
Profiles constructed along the crests of 
ridges between valleys show a marked and 
significant difference between the two ends 
of the Koolau Range (Fig. 11). (Only three 
profiles are shown but they are representative 
of the eighteen that were constructed during 
this study.) The lower part of each profile 
shows approximately the surface as it was 
originally built up by lava flows. These lower 
parts have much less rainfall than the upper 
parts and are much less subject to weathering 
and erosion. They have, of course, been low- 
ered a little, but the triangular facets that 
survive do preserve fairly well the original 
slope and form of the lava shield. 
Fig. 10. Cross profiles of valleys. The upper of each 
pair is in the northwestern end and the lower in the 
southeastern end of the leeward slopes of the Koolau 
Range. A, Profiles farther seaward; B, profiles farther 
inland. Twofold vertical exaggeration. 
