Fishes of Mauna Loa. Ill — Haig 
319 
3. Photophores forming a nearly continuous 
series; two posterior abdominal spines, 
directed downward 
Argyropelecus afiinis 
Photophores on postabdominal region in 
three groups 4 
4. A large posterior abdominal spine, ser- 
rated and directed backward, often with a 
second small spine above it; groups of 
photophores on postabdominal region 
separated by wide interspaces . 
Argyropelecus heathi 
Two posterior abdominal spines, directed 
downward, not serrated; groups of photo- 
phores on postabdominal region separated 
by narrow interspaces 
Argyropelecus sladeni 
Sternoptyx diaphana Hermann 
Sternoptyx diaphana Hermann, 1781: 8, 33, pi. 
1, figs. 1-2 (type locality, Jamaica). 
Sternoptyx diaphana, Gilbert and Cramer, 1897: 
416 ("Albatross’’ Sta. 3473, Kaiwi Channel, 
313 fms.). 
Sternoptyx diaphana, Gilbert, 1905: 609 ("Al- 
batross” Stas. 3888 and 3904, off N coast 
of Molokai, 295-809 fms.; 3917, off S 
coast of Oahu, 294-330 fms.; 4005 and 
4026, near Kauai, 368-1021 fms.; 4105, 
4110, and 4111, Kaiwi Channel, 314-470 
fms.; 4154, 4155, and 4166, near Bird Is- 
land, 293-1594 fms.). 
Sternoptyx diaphana, Jordan and Seale, 1906: 
190 (listed only). 
Sternoptix diaphana, Jordan and Jordan, 1922: 
9 (listed only). 
Sternoptyx diaphana, Fowler, 1928: 35 (listed 
only) . 
Sternoptyx diaphana, Fowler, 1938: 265 (listed 
only). 
MATERIAL examined: 14 specimens, 20.3 
to 53.7 mm. in standard length, taken off the 
Mauna Loa lava flow, Hawaii, by Moore et al., 
June 3, 1950. 
7 specimens, 29-7 to 45.3 mm. in standard 
length, taken off the Mauna Loa lava flow, 
Hawaii, by Y. Yamaguchi, June 6, 1950. 
2 specimens, 24.2 and 30.5 mm. in standard 
length, taken off the Mauna Loa lava flow, 
Hawaii, by Gosline, Hayes, Keen, and Ellis, 
June 6, 1950. 
Gilbert and Cramer (1897: 404) noted that 
they did not see the Sternoptyx listed from 
"Albatross” Sta. 3474 in U. S. Comn . Fish and 
Fisheries , Rpt. of the Commissioner for 1892 
(1894: 18). Two small Sternoptyx diaphana 
from this station are in the fish collections 
of the Natural History Museum of Stanford 
University, and bear catalog number 5697. 
"Albatross” Sta. 3474 is in Kaiwi Channel, 
21°12'N X 157°38 / 30' / W, 375 fms. 
A lot of six small specimens in the Stanford 
collections, with catalog number 4928, is 
labelled "Albatross Stas. 2937 & 2808, Ha- 
waiian Islands.” There is also a label in the 
bottle stating "Bottle broken during earth- 
quake.” "Albatross” Sta. 2937 is in Kaiwi 
Channel, 21°l4'06"N X 157°42'42"W, 47 
fms. Sta. 2808 is in the open Pacific and not 
in the vicinity of the Hawaiian Islands. These 
two lots and their labels evidently became 
mixed as a result of the 1906 earthquake 
damage; and there is a possibility that the 
Sta. 2937 label was placed with the fishes by 
error, since it is unlikely that any of these 
specimens were captured at 47 fms. depth. 
Sternoptyx diaphana has been reported from 
many parts of the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific 
oceans. Some of the records may apply to S. 
obscura Garman, but it is questionable whether 
the latter should be retained as a distinct 
species. All the Hawaiian material examined 
is of the " diaphana ” type with steeply inclined 
profile and large eye. 
Polyipnus nuttingi Gilbert 
Polyipnus spinosus, Gilbert and Cramer, 1897: 
416 ("Albatross” Sta. 3476, S of Oahu, 298 
fms.). Not P. spinosus Gunther. 
